Surrealism Of The Temptation Of Saint Anthony Essay -- essays research

During the period between World War I and World War II, many people decided that precept had created the destruction left behind from the war and that it was time to rely on the subconscious as a way to analyze the world. These people became known as Surrealists. One of the most famous surrealist artists was Salvador decalitre. Dals piece The Temptation of Saint Anthony is a prime example of Surrealism. Surrealist paintings are described as dreamlike and fantastical. Much of Dals paintings were images he had dreamed up. He said that he would paint what almost seem like photographs from his dreams. Dal took Sigmund Freuds idea that dreams are symbolic. Objects can symbolize something as well as take on a pun on the word. Much of the objects in Dals paintings symbolize sexual desires that are expressed in dreams because society condemns them. The Temptation of Saint Anthony has many symbols including sexual symbols that make it dreamlike. Surrealism is expressed in the sloshed obje cts that are dreamlike yet have an explicit meaning. In the bottom corner of The Temptation of Saint Anthony, Saint Anthony is seen trying to ward off the temptations the cater and the elephants bring. These physical temptations symbolize the mental temptations Saint Anthony dealt with. The horse, leading, symbolizes strength and sensual desires/pleasures. Following the horse is the elephant that brings the Cup of Desire and a naked muliebrity. The gold cup and woman represent sexual desires as well...

Bats :: essays research papers

flickersContents1. Title PagePage... 12.ContentsPage... 23.Bat FactsPage... 3-44.Congress Ave. BridgePage... 5-65.How To Get A Bat Out Of Your HousePage... 66.About Bat HousesPage... 77.ReferencesPage... 8+My report is on bats. I will start my story pip by telling you somefacts about bats.Bat Facts1. Did you know that the worlds smallest mammal is a Bumblebee bat that livesin Thailand. It weighs less than a penny 2. lamia bats adopt orphan pups(the name for a baby bat) and have been known to risk their lives to share foodwith the less fortunate. 3. The Afri butt Heart-Nosed bat can hear the footstepsof a beetle walking on sand from a distance of over six feet 4. The giantFlying Fox bat from Indonesia has a wing span of six feet 5. Disk-winged batsof Latin America have adhesive disks on both feet that enable them to live inunfurling banana leaves (or rase walk up a window pane). 6. Nearly 1,000 kindsof bats account for almost a quarter of all mammal species, and most are highlybe neficial. 7. Worldwide, bats are the most important natural enemies of night-flying insects 8. A single brown bat can catch over 600 mosquitoes in unless onehour 9. Tropical bats are key elements in rain forest ecosystems which rely onthem to pollinate flowers and disperse seeds for countless trees and shrubs. 10.Bat droppings in caves support whole ecosystems of unique organisms, includingbacteria useful in detoxifying wastes, improving detergents, and producinggasohol and antibiotics. 11. More than 50% of American bat species are insevere decline or already listed as endangered. Losses are occurring atalarming rates worldwide. 12. All mammals can contract rabies however, neverthelessthe less than half of one percent of bats that do, normally bite only in self-defense and pose little threat to people who do not handle them. 13. Ananticoagulant from Vampire bat saliva may soon be used to treat human heartpatients. 14. Contrary to favorite misconception, bats are not blind, do not become entangled in human hair, and seldom transmit disease to other animals orhumans.Well, full with the facts. I think that should get you ready for therest of my essay.Austin, Texas Congress Ave. BridgeA Bit Of History.......When Engineers reconstructed downtown Austins Congress Bridge in 1980,they had no idea that the new crevices beneath the bridge would make an idealbat roost. Although bats had lived in Austin for years, it was headline newswhen they suddenly began moving by the thousands under the bridge.

The Link Between Heart Disease and Cancer :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

The Link Between Heart Disease and Cancer     Recently, on a visit to my mothers house, I pulled out my parents wedding album. As I flipped through the pages of the wedding album, it was exciting to see pictures of my parents and our family members. Everyone seemed to be joyous except my grandmothers. They both had bad and angry expressions on their faces as their children made their vows to each other. I, too, was saddened as I spy my paternal grandmothers figure because one of her mammillas was wider, flatter and higher than her other breast. It appears that she had try to fill her bra cup with some type of soft cloth. I did not know that she had succumbed to breast cancer and had a radical mastectomy so advance(prenominal) in her life.   Although my maternal grandmother is still alive today, she has had advanced heart disease most of her life. We c onlyed my grandmother GM (grandmother). Although GM is a kind and gentle woman, she is quite temperamen tal. I believe these emotions and worry spike her towering blood pressure.   As I continued to go through my parents wedding album, I noticed that mostly everyone in my family has died of heart disease or cancer. Although my father had diabetes, he died of a massive heart attack. My great uncle died of prostate cancer and his wife died aft(prenominal) having a massive heart attack.   According to the 1995 Monthly Vital Statistics Report, heart disease and cancer are the leading causes of death in the United States in fact, heart disease and cancer have been linked to diet and exercise. I believe that 80 and 90 percent of cancers can be prevented because they are caused by environmental, dietary or nutritional factors, according to Dan Colbert, M.D. and author of Walking in Divine Health. The most common cancers in the United States-- colorectal cancer and breast cancer and prostate cancer--are linked to consumption of red meat, fats, and toxins in diet.   In Leviticus 317, it is written, This shall be a perpetual statue through out your generations in all your dwellings you shall eat neither fat nor blood (The New King James Bible).

Essay --

CHAPTER NO 5Adjustments & maintenance5.1Capillary Tube5.2Priming5.3Pressure Gauge Fitting5.4Relief Valve5.5Pressure Adjustment5.6PD essence System Flow Diagram5.7External Relief Valve Adjustment5.8Internal Relief Valve Adjustment5.9Motor Lubrication5.1 Capillary Tube-A hairlike furnish is a narrow, long tube of constant diameter. In refrigeration application of capillary tube, the surface tension is not important. Tube length limit from 1.0 m to 6 m and the diameters of refrigerant capillary tubes limit from 0.5 mm to 3 mm.Due to the following two factors the pressure reduction in a capillary tube occurs The frictional resistance offered by tube walls refrigerant has to overcome. Than that of the liquid the density of vapor is less. As it flows in the tube the average density of refrigerant decreases. The increase in acceleration or velocity of the refrigerant requires pressure drop.5.2 Priming-Liquid pumps can lose prime and to get the pump started this ordain require the pum p to be primed by adding liquid to the pump and inlet pipes. Loss of prime ...

Struggling to Succeed: An Examination of Black Business Essay

If one were to take a look at the American telephone line world today, much as if one were to look at it a hundred or more years ago, one fact would be easily noticeable. The majority of positions of power and authority in most American businesses be white males. In fact, white males outnumber all other races n these positions far more than they outnumber the actual populations of these other large number in our country. Specifically, sable men atomic number 18 sorely represented in executive positions in corporations and businesses across the board. So why is that? Is there some fundamental character of shocking people that keeps them from success? Is society still oppressive to blacks nearly forty years after the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s? Actually, the answer lies somewhere in between. Joane Nagel states, Ethnic Identity, because, is the result of a dialectical process involving internal and external opinions and processes, as well as the individuals self-identifi cation (240). So if blacks have an anti-business ethnicity, then the responsibility for that must be handled between blacks themselves and their oppressors. Similarly, upon examining Micahel Omi and Howard Winants definition of hegemony, which they assert has been the dominant mode of rule in the United States, wee bet that hegemony is always constituted by a combination of coercion and consent (152). So any societal oppression that the white males in power are able to levy against blacks must be accepted by blacks in order to be effective. In other words, both blacks and their white oppressors must share the responsibility for the decided failure of black men (and women) to take their places as leaders in business.The issue of black success in a bodied world such as America is best understood as one of culture and ethnicity. Generally, success in business demands a certain temper and level of ability, just as does success in politics. A quick look at the current status quo of power and authority in the business world will prove that. But existing societal conditions remnant of the evil specter of slavery have created a persona within the jet black identity that is fundamentally opposed to business success. Nagel writes Culture is constructed by the actions of individuals and groups and their interactions within the larger societ... ...tion, and the economic status of a historically deprived people certainly wont be an exception. As many successful black entrepreneurs have proven, it is very much possible for good businessmen to stick with greatly despite the opposition, and there is still plenty of room for success. Works CitedCummings, Scott. African American Entrepreneurship in the Suburbs Protected Markets and Enclave Business Development. Journal of the American proviso Association Winter 1999 50-61.Educational Attainment in the United States - March 2000 Detailed Tables. 19 December 2000. US Census. 2 April 2001. Green, Shelly and Paul Pryde. B lack Entrepreneurship in America. New Brunswick, NJ Transaction Publishers, 1990.Nagel, Joane. Constructing Ethnicity Creating and RecreatingEthnic Identity and Culture. New Tribalisms The Resurgence of Race and Ethnicity. New York University Press. 1998Omi, Michael, and Howard Winant. Racial Formation in the United States From the 1960s to the 1990s. Routledge NY, 1994.Walker, Juliet E. The write up of Black Business in America. NY Macmillian Library Reference, 1998

Struggling to Succeed: An Examination of Black Business Essay

If one were to take a look at the American telephone circuit world today, much as if one were to look at it a hundred or more years ago, one fact would be easily noticeable. The majority of positions of power and authority in most American businesses ar white males. In fact, white males outnumber all other races n these positions far more than they outnumber the actual populations of these other passel in our country. Specifically, dumb men atomic number 18 sorely represented in executive positions in corporations and businesses across the board. So why is that? Is there some fundamental character of downhearted people that keeps them from success? Is society still oppressive to blacks nearly forty years after the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s? Actually, the answer lies somewhere in between. Joane Nagel states, Ethnic Identity, accordingly, is the result of a dialectical process involving internal and external opinions and processes, as well as the individuals self-ident ification (240). So if blacks have an anti-business ethnicity, then the responsibility for that must be functiond between blacks themselves and their oppressors. Similarly, upon examining Micahel Omi and Howard Winants definition of hegemony, which they assert has been the dominant mode of rule in the United States, wee overtake that hegemony is always constituted by a combination of coercion and consent (152). So any societal oppression that the white males in power are able to levy against blacks must be accepted by blacks in order to be effective. In other words, both blacks and their white oppressors must share the responsibility for the decided failure of black men (and women) to take their places as leaders in business.The issue of black success in a embodied world such as America is best understood as one of culture and ethnicity. Generally, success in business demands a certain record and level of ability, just as does success in politics. A quick look at the current sta tus quo of power and authority in the business world will prove that. But existing societal conditions remnant of the evil specter of slavery have created a persona within the park black identity that is fundamentally opposed to business success. Nagel writes Culture is constructed by the actions of individuals and groups and their interactions within the larger societ... ...tion, and the economic status of a historically deprived people certainly wont be an exception. As many successful black entrepreneurs have proven, it is very much possible for good businessmen to postdate greatly despite the opposition, and there is still plenty of room for success. Works CitedCummings, Scott. African American Entrepreneurship in the Suburbs Protected Markets and Enclave Business Development. Journal of the American grooming Association Winter 1999 50-61.Educational Attainment in the United States - March 2000 Detailed Tables. 19 December 2000. US Census. 2 April 2001. Green, Shelly and Pa ul Pryde. Black Entrepreneurship in America. New Brunswick, NJ Transaction Publishers, 1990.Nagel, Joane. Constructing Ethnicity Creating and RecreatingEthnic Identity and Culture. New Tribalisms The Resurgence of Race and Ethnicity. New York University Press. 1998Omi, Michael, and Howard Winant. Racial Formation in the United States From the 1960s to the 1990s. Routledge NY, 1994.Walker, Juliet E. The invoice of Black Business in America. NY Macmillian Library Reference, 1998

“Aladdin” Positive And Negative Essay

Would you want your child to see a delineation like Aladdin, that whitethorn be just a harmless cartoon or a dangerous brain washer? There are positive messages and prejudicious messages near each gender, some of the messages may get mixed together in a childs mind making right versus wrong confusing for the young child. A positive example for hands is when genie tells Aladdin to tell the truth. An example of a negative message close to men is when Aladdin is trying to work macho as the prince. For women a positive message is to stand up for your self. A negative message is the exaggerated body figures and sizes. With each(prenominal) the positive and negative images from Aladdin in a young childs head it may be hard for he or she to figure out what is right-hand(a) or bad.In Aladdin in that respect are messages that children should see because they promote a good creative destineer. For example, when Aladdin decided to use his last wish to free Genie it shows that men ga ge show affection to other men. Nowadays, you always see men fighting and battling, but never showing any love for each other it is good to see that they are showing little children it is okay to brook love. It shows children that its okay to act soft, you dont always have to wear the tinder guy image. A nonher good message is when Aladdin finally tells the truth to Jasmine, the message is that h whizsty is the best policy. It tells kids that lying and lying makes it even harder to finally tell the truth.It is one of the classic lessons that says telling the truth is always best because it saves you from more trouble in the end. A great message about men in Aladdin is that men should respect women, like when the first thing Aladdin mentions when describing Jasmine is her smarts not something shallow like her attractiveness. It shows kids that there is more than just looks in a human being you have to go deeper than the skin to find true beauty. It teaches children that caring for people regardless of looks or appearance is important. The positive messages give a good image for children to memorialize to tell the truth, or treat someone with respect.With the positive messages of men there are also confusing negative messages about men for young children. When Aladdin lies to everyone about being a prince it doesnt help him in his relationships because everyone loves him as a prince. Children believe that to get what they want all they need to dois lie. Children will not understand that lying can get you in more trouble than telling the truth. Another negative message is when Aladdin tries to play the cool, tough and confident prince. It shows kids that if you sincerely want to be something cool you must act like something you arent.It seems hard enough for children to find their own identity and this message doesnt help because it gives them the idea that cool is a certain thing. One of the most absurd messages is that Jafar is shown tall, thin, iniquity a nd has a very deep voice. This is bad because kids may think that all dark people are evil which is a horrible idea of racism. Children should not see the contort of an evil but just as the evil, skin color should not be related. Although there are positive messages there are negative messages about men.For the women in Aladdin there are positive messages that young girls should see. For example, Jasmine chooses not to marry any prince that her father, the sultan, brings to her. This shows that girls can stand up for themselves and hold their own when faced with critical situations, like forced marriage. In cartoons you usually see the women unfree on a rich male, it is good to see that in cartoons women are shown as strong characters. Another example of a positive message for women is when Jasmine trusts Aladdin and Aladdin as a prince. It shows how women are trustworthy and can be trusted. It also shows that trust is an important aspect of love. When Jasmine refuses to marry any rich handsome man that is brought to her it shows she is not shallow. This shows how a women can make a living on her own with out the help of a huge paycheck and a man. It also shows that there is more to love than good looks, there are deeper attractions than only looks. The positive messages are good for young girls to see.Although there are positive messages about women in Aladdin there are also dangerous messages. When Jasmine is to help Aladdin get the lamp back from Jafar, she uses very seductive and sexual movements to try and succeed in doing what she wants. It is scary to think that in a childs cartoon there are messages of selling your body to get what you want. This is dangerous because a girl may take down acting sexually at a very early age and unknowingly. Although Princess Jasmine stood up for herself she is also dependent on men during certain situations.After all these years womenshould be shown separately from men as individual humans. A young girl may think tha t the only way for her to succeed is with a man to help her. All throughout the movie all of the pretty girls are big eyed, have tiny feet, have full chests and are boney as their necks while the ugly girls are shown gigantic. A girl always wants to be pretty and if by being pretty it means extremely skinny, therefore she may associate ugly with food and eating disorders may develop. This message seems as though it was made to discourage children and they may become very saddened over something that is not their fault.With all the different messages given to children through the carton Aladdin you can see how it may be confusing to the child about negative and positive. This film shows positive messages and negative messages about men and women. Because the movie has so many descriptions of good and bad the child may get confused about what to do in real life situation.

Greek Mythology Essay

classic Mythology began in the 5th century B. C. , and mainly involved the people of ancient Greece, who believed in myths about Gods, Goddesses, and hired gunes. Stories were passed exhaust through solely forms of entertainment, theater, and swordplay. The people of Greece worshipped numerous Gods, including Apollo, God of the Sun, who had a bow, and chariot to drive across the sky daily (borrowed from an earlier pre- Grecian Sun god, Helios). subject played an important role in how performance and playwright was carried out to honor Dionysus, the ancient Greek god of harvest and wine.Sophocles was one of the closely authoritative writers, who touch based on the three forms of play, which were tragedies, comedies, and satires. Men and womens charm towards Greek culture, created a big impact in society, which had a main localize towards art, religion, slavery, language, and preparation in the form of military training in preparation for war. Everything in Greek Mythology somehow explained creation, and the world, the same reasons as any other phantasmal group since the beginning of civilization they saw God as, basic religious and social truths.Greek Mythology reference to all in that time period was created with legends to analyse to make sense of that little that was understood of the world. Apollo Apollo is referenced as several noteworthy definitions, including a series of manned US spacecraft designed to search the moon and surrounding space. NASAs Apollo 11 pace flight landed the first humans on Earths Moon. Apollo, as a Greek god was important in our society today in principle.According to Pantheon and Encyclopedia Mythica Apollo was born on the island of Delos in Greece to supreme and all overruling god Zeus, and Leto, believed goddess of motherhood, protectress of the young, modesty and womanlike demure. Zeuss wife, Hera became jealous and exiled her from all land of the earth, and she later gave birth to Apollo and his twin sister Ar temis, Goddesses of wilderness, hunting, and wild animals on the island of Delos, in the Aegean Sea, r from each one the gray coast of Crete. The goddess Themis assisted in raising them by feeding them ambrosia, the sacred nectar of the gods.Apollo was born by Zeus and Leto on the Greek island of Delos and lived on rise Olympus. He had three notable relationships with the Nymphs Cyrene and Daphne and the mortal Coronis, resulting in four children. The Gods of Greece stated Apollos reason, nobility, form, action, apprehension, and beauty were his essential attributes. Apollo was a handsome, strong and youthful god with awe-inspiring golden hair. According to Greek-gods. info Apollo was the Greek god of the Music, and invented the lute, but he was more popular for playing the lyre, which was invented by Hermes, the messenger of the gods.Apollo excelled in important musical theater contests, competing against Greek god Hermes and the Satyr Pan as well as other gods. Apollo like his father sought out many a(prenominal) wives, including nymphs, and adolescents, leading to oodles of relationships, and children. The Python of Delphi, which was sent by Hera to chase Leto out of all lands, was a deadly creature within the body of a snake. As a strong boy, Apollo was only when a few days old when he given a bow and pointers by the blacksmith Hephaestus. This gave him an opportunity to avenge his past, by killing the Python.Apollo killed the Python with one arrow to the head as it lunged at him. The death of the Python, led him to joy and happiness, in telling a song of victory, allowing him to become the God of Music. Although his avengement of the Python was a crime as a God, he was given the duty of instituting the Pythian Game (athletic and musical Olympics) for cleansing which took place every four years in honor of him. Playwright/ gambol Sophocles played a major role in the creation of Greek tragedy in playwright. Sophocles wrote over 120 plays, many of t hem great tragedies, including Elektra, Oedipus Rex, and Antigone.According to Enloehs. wcpss. net, Sophocles education in the arts and experience competing in, an annual festival held at the Theatre of Dionysus, allowed him to become a tragedian. Sophocles, by Harold Bloom states that Sophocles focus towards playwright was based on superhuman influences, which were the subject of his hopes and fears, the object of his craveers and sacrifices. With a strong concrete imagination, reinforced by the work of poets, and later sculptors, Sophocles imposed clarity of form with shape, emotions, and family relationships. Decrees of fate were impression to be naturally regarded as decrees of the god where death was to become a problem. Ajax, written by Sophocles is about Greek commander, Odysseus, who begins searching for Ajax, whom he believes has killed a lot of cattle over the night. Ancient-literature. com entails the Greek tragedy written in the 5th century B. C. (Previously, Odysseus was given the armor of war-hero, Achilles over Ajax angering him. ) He is told by Athena that Ajax was possessed, because he mistook the Greek soldiers for herd, and comes to believe it.Ajax apologizes for his mistake when his wife, Tecmessa tells the chorus, and considers death as a punishment for his error. Again, Ajax reconsiders his consequences, and to devote himself to worshipping the gods and to Greek leaders. During a visit to the city Ajaxs half-brother, Teucer, learns about Ajax chance and warns him to remain inside his tent if he wants to stay alive. Ajax in the end kills himself by throwing himself on a sword, with for vengeance against Greek leaders and army for acknowledging Odysseus over him in the Trojan War.Although disputed as dishonored warrior, Odysseus calls for a proper funeral for his enemy, allowing Teucer to carry out final burial rites. Because Athena causes Ajax to go mad by thinking hes killed his comrades, he savagely butchers livestock. Once he sees w hat hes done, suicide becomes the only honorable way out, which makes him the tragic hero in the end, since he was second in ranking to Achilles, and Ajax becomes overwhelmed with vengeful passion as Achilles amour is rewarded to Odysseus. Greek Culture According to Maps of the world traditions, religious practices, music, solid food were all an integral part of the Greece Culture.Large numbers of religious festivals were celebrated by the Greeks in honor of the arts. The Greek Embassy states that the Greek language was derived from the same mother tongue used by Homer and other famous Greek writers and poets more than 3000 years ago. Greek was the language of the Gospels and has made a major persona to all western languages. Greece adopted the Phoenician alphabet whichs usage was discontinued by the 5th century B. C, and they eventually changed it into the 24 letter Greek alphabet, still used today.In its 3500 year passagethrough memoir, the language has undergone a series of tr ansformations, but Modern Greek can easily be traced back to ancient Greek in the form of the letters, word roots, and structure, states The Emergence of Greece, by Alan Johnston. The Greek cuisine consisted of a variety of Fruits and vegetables, which played a vital role in making some of the most delectable and unique delicacies passed throughout the westerly world. Healthy provisions widely used and practically added to foods were garlic, onions, fennel, zucchini, grapes, apples, dates and figs.Seasonings such as mint and oregano and lemon rind were first developed in Greece to add flavoring and spice to certain foods. According to Maps of the World Pork, beef, and honey meat in particular were greatly used in the preparation of Greek Foods, especially during the religious festivals and playing a role in the fast of Greeks. Greek foods importance in Greeks regime were based on how they prepared it, which varied from being grilled, braised, baked or stewed, and prepared with a n motley of vegetables.Where you lived in Greek city-states depended on how important education was. According Chiddingstone. Kent in Sparta, it was imperative for boys to learn to be good fighters, and for girls to learn how to become future mothers and wives, sooner of learning to read and write. School was necessary in Athens in order to vote in the Assembly and philosophy was incorporated in all of their lessons. Preparing boys to later fight in the army was still essential to all cities, since invasion/war was al shipway taken by revelation.Children, who attended school, were often from soused families. Chiddingstone. Kent states boys were educated to become good citizens and take part in the public life of the city state. Girls were educated in housekeeping and how to look after their family. It was characteristic for children to enroll in an apprenticeship, of their parents career, and learn from older men. The Greeks believed in many different Gods and goddesses, who con trolled everything in their lives and environment. According to Chiddingstone.Kent in order to please the Gods Greeks would pray daily, have burnt offerings and shrines in honor of them, to receive reward instead of punishment. Greeks worshipped the Gods in temples, where deities were placed in admiration for them . Idol and statues of the Gods were placed in each town where ceremonies and festivals were held, and over watched by priests. Priests were believed to be the voice of the Gods, and were specially chosen by the previous priest, or ancestral order. Greeks mainly believed in the dozen most important Gods that lived on Mt.Olympus and were ruled over by Zeus. Impact/Influence According to Pbs. org the Ancient Greeks took their entertainment very seriously and used drama as a way of investigating the world they lived in, and what it meant to be human. This made a large impact in our world, towards the discovery/meaning of constellations, and possible ways of how the Earth may have been created. In drama comedy, satyr plays, and tragedies, were important genres of theater, which contributed to Western drama and culture.Greek and Roman Theater, by Don Nardo states many traditions of ancient Greece, such as comedy, singing, dancing, slapstick, juggling, and nudity were inherited in the early 1900s, creating a large influence for burlesque and entertainers. Greek and Roman Theater states the influence of ancient theater on advanced entertainment was profound to nearly all of todays histrionics conventions, from acting styles, and costumes, to scenery and the shapes of stages, originated with Greeks. Religious plays and theatrical works have somewhat been inspired by Greece, to glorify, rather than to entertain.Depiction of popular stories like Euripides Medea and Oedipus the King, have been adapted into Broadway and Musicals. The success of ancient tragedies and comedies on the late stage can only be explained by the talent and insight of Aeschylus and So phocles, who captured the essence of true human feelings. According to Curiosity. discovery. com the Greeks introduced our cherished concepts of citizens rights, democracy, and freedoms of speech and religion. They excelled in mathematics, physics and astronomy.They in any case stated that the Greeks intelligence, daring, energetic and sensible, accomplishing great feats in the arts, philosophy, and architecture, made a great impact towards our form of government, and constitution for equal rights. Greek government influenced Western democracies today, by holding elections for officials rather than appointed lords. Greeks inclined modern societies hierarchy and developed an organizational structure that defined the roles of each position. Curiosity. Discovery states the Greeks in the fifth century B. C.came up with theories about the planets and their movements, but they did not subject them to tests and experiments. They influenced our theories on creation, and lead most to believ e in the Big Bang theory, in the working out of the universe, elements, and laws of physics. In agreement Scientificmethod. com says Greek philosopher and polymath, Aristotle was one of the first noted original thinkers, for devising methods for trying to arrive at reliable knowledge based on observations. He contributed to the development of the scientific method, with observations used during experiments.At the time when the world was thought to be flat Eratosthenes was first to prove most wrong, when he affirm the Earths shape as round and was able to accurately guess the diameter and circumference. His method to resolve prime number, made a voice to the fundamental theorem of arithmetic. In concurrence to Curiosity. Discovery. com Greek shaped our world through the development of our Alphabet, our way of Warfare, our system of Democracy, leaving a lasting legacy on education mythology, and justice. Annotated Bibliography Huffington, A. S. , & Beny, R. (1983). Apollo.The gods of Greece (pp. 53-67). New York Abrams The give-and-take The Gods of Greece was about the Greek gods, and how they were portrayed as natural, concrete, and worldly in their divinity, entering the lives of the people who worshipped them, and had the outmost flaws, conflict, and failings less than their joys and accomplishments. The book gave a greater understanding of the Greek people at the time and their world. The Gods and goddesses in the book are represented as statues and reliefs in marble, stone, and bronze, revealing out of the blue(predicate) beauty and mystery, toward the Greek celebration of their idol.From the book, information about Apollo was collected, about him being described as an embodiment of the Western ideal of beauty and form in it classical perfection. As the God of music and prophecy, archery, and heroic excellence, Apollo embodied the foundation of the Greek civilization. The books Apollo chapter mainly entails the union of Dionysus and Apollo as an eterna l bond, because off their importance for imagination, intuition, inspiration, and enthusiasm. Bloom, H. (1990). Fate in Sophocles. Sophocles (pp. 127-136) New York Chelsea House Publishers.The novel Sophocles, by Harold Bloom brings together a representative selection of the best modern tiny views of Sophocles. The novel, describes, all of Sophocles eight remaining plays, which all resemble a powerful portrayal of some irresolvable moral dilemma. The Ajax, Antigone, Poetics, Oedipus Rex, Oedipus at Colonus, Orestia, and Elektra are compared on how well their concentrate on towards the Gods is remote in human character and human choices to acquire a greater significance. Most of the stories had a tragic hero, who existed by blocking out or delaminating the framework of human existence.The plays critical views all connected with human limits, and what Sophocles made clear of what they can achieve within those limits. The Fate in Sophocles described his belief in the operative power of the characters, using vague feeling about destiny. Questions like Why does a man suffer? , Why does he go across from the height of prosperity into the pit of disaster? , were given possibilities as to why the characters were bound to have evil befall them. Greece Culture and Society. (n. d. ). World Map. Retrieved February 7, 2013, from http//www. mapsofworld.com/greece/culture-and-society/ Maps of the world is a website that explains the culture of countries and regions, while offering customers to buy a map. The website provides facts, sports, holidays, geography, and information about the education system, at the period, or during its historical time. While providing tourist destinations, the site also lists major cities and their historical locations that may have played a significant role in impacting the countries society and culture. Maps of the world entail the relation of ancient manner to today, to how they were placed in terms of class.The Greek cuisines reflection of their cooking and health conscious diet was related to the typical meals eaten today in Greece. The lifestyle of the people was influenced by diverse traditions and practices that affected the culture of the lands, and later the society in diversity. Homers Iliad and Odyssey had a great impact in Greek Literature, and were noted as immense resources with affluence, has influenced towards the history of World Literature. Nardo, D. (1995). Chaper 9. Greek and Roman theater (pp. 89-97). San Diego, CA Lucent Books.The book explains important dates in the history of Greek and Roman Theater. Theatrical tragedies, of the Golden age of Greece Drama were Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euriphdes, who brought the tragic art to the level of literature in understanding. To get the message across a trilogy or series of three related plays were written to broaden the scope. Details of evolution and impact of a concept on justice, greed, or fate were typically shown with a repeating pattern of reveng e and murder. Greek comedies were not as important as other forms of theater, but were pleasant to comic relief.Comedies mimicked serious Greek religious rituals with humorous indecent aspects. The start of classical theater portrays the earliest versions of acting, eventually developed into theater for play production and staging areas for religious ceremonies and productions. some(prenominal) classical Greeks cultural and religious practices were tied to the Minoan times. In theatrical areas seriousness also took a part in formal dancing and singing to honor the gods. How did the Ancient Greeks impact modern Western society? Curiosity. (n. d. ). Curiosity Discovery Channel. Retrieved February 7, 2013, from http//curiosity.discovery. com/question/ancient-greeks-impact-western-society Curiosity is a show on the Discovery Channel, where each episode focuses on one question in science, technology, and society. The website is an expert question and answer site where experts and scho lars tried to answer some of lifes most profound questions. On the Curiosity website answers to questions on mysteries in fields like space, biology, geology, medicine, physics, technology, nature, archaeology, history, and the human mind are answered by notable professors, authors, filmmakers, and more.How did the Ancient Greeks impact our modern Western society? is the question answered by the Science Channel. Greeks cultural influence in Greek society inspired achievements that shaped the foundation of Western civilization. Greeks in the fifth century B. C. came up with theories about the planets and their movements, but they did not subject them to tests and experiments. They built the base and foundation for many theories that lead us to scientific discoveries, towards the Universe.

The Multiple Intelligence Theory

Developed in 1983 by Dr. Howard Gardener, a professor at the very prestigious Harvard University, the multiple cognition hypothesis states that testing a persons information activity through and through IQ tests is very restricting. In his very popular work, Frames of Mind The Theory of Multiple Intelligence, Dr. Howard Gardner cited octonary kinds of perception that argon innate in men- linguistic intuition (word gifted) logical- numeral intelligence (number/reasoning smart) spatial intelligence ( control smart) bodily-kinesthetic intelligence (body smart) musical intelligence (music smart) interpersonal intelligence (people smart) intrapersonal intelligence (self smart) and naturalist intelligence (nature smart) (Armstrong, 2000).Logical-Mathematical IntelligenceThose who possess the logical-mathematical intelligence would usually wipeout up as a scientist or mathematician. They be in the main sensitive to and go for the capacity to variantiate logical and numerical p atterns (Gardner & Hatch, 1989, being well sexual with everything that has something to do with logic, abstractions, inductive and deductive reasoning and most of all, numbers. Beca use of this, they are said to be excellent in mathematics, chess, computer programming and other activities that involves numbers and logic (WIkipedia.org). They also buzz off the ability to fallle long bonds of reasoning (Gardner & Hatch, 1989).Linguistic IntelligenceThose who possess this form of intelligence on the other hand are most likely to end up as poets and journalists for it has got something to do with words, be it spoken or written. These are the people who are sensitive to sounds, rhythms and of course, the meanings of different words. Likewise, these people are very knowledgeable in the different functions of delivery (Gardner & Hatch, 1989).They are cheeseparing in reading, writing and even telling stories. At the same time, they are good in memorizing dates and words (Wikipedia.org , 2007). They rely on taking notes, reading, listening to lectures, discussions and debates as their primary source of knowledge. These people are said to learn foreign languages easily, having a very high verbal store and the capacity to understand the structure of words and sentences.Musical IntelligencePeople having musical intelligence tend to become composers, violinist, musicians, singers, etc. They fuddle the ability to assert and at the same time, appreciate rhythm, pitch and timbre together with the appreciation of the different forms through which music is expressed (Gardner & Hatcher, 1989). Those who also possess this kind of intelligence tend to learn and memorize different types of information through the use of music. More often than not, they work efficiently and effectively with music playing in the background (Wikipedia.org, 2007).Spatial IntelligencePossessing this kind of intelligence, a person may end up as a navigator, sculptor as they are good in visualizin g and mentally manipulating objects (Wikipedia.org, 2007). With this perception comes their true statement in performing transformation based on their perceptions (Gardner & Hatch, 1989).Body-Kinesthetic IntelligenceThose who possess this kind of intelligence, on the other hand end up as athletes or dancers, as this has something to do with movement. People who are intelligent based on this often prefer activities that make use of body movements, which make them also good in building and making things. They remember things through their body, making use of what is known as muscle memory board (Gardner & Hatcher, 1989).Interpersonal IntelligencePossessing this type of intelligence makes one individualistic a future therapist or salesman, having the capacity to respond to the moods, temperaments, motivations and desires of other people (Gardner & Hatcher, 1989). They are usually extroverts who excel so much in interacting with others.Intrapersonal IntelligenceThey end up to be a p erson with detailed, accurate, self knowledge that could access ones feelings and be able to draw them in guiding behavior, strengths, weaknesses, etc (Gardner & Hatcher, 1989).Education and the Multiple Intelligence TheoryThe concept of intelligence permeates our day to day lives sound like any other psychological concept. Before completing and even interjecting an institute of fostering, students are asked to complete and aptitude exam that would measure their intelligence quotient or IQ that could determine their preparedness and capacity to learn in institutions like the one they are applying in. Intelligence tests have been a very central tool that is being used in most educational institutions that place a very high importance on the relationship between intelligence and education (Wagner & Sternberg, 1984)According to Dr. Gardner, most of the schools and cultures tend to focus more(prenominal) on the linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligences of its pupils thus ra ising the self esteem levels of individuals who are well versed in their language, of individuals who know so much ab show up math, individuals who are expert in reasoning. The different cultures and societies fail to recognize the achievements and intelligence of those people who have introduction other types of intelligence- the artists, architects, musicians, designers, athletes, and those other who truly show their importance in the other aspects of the society (Armstrong, 2000).It is also because of the societies focus on the linguistic and logical-mathematic intelligence that schools are uneffective to address the needs of students who are not gifted with these kinds of intelligence. Unfortunately, those who have not been giving due recognition for the intelligence they have as they possess other kinds of intelligence apart from those society deems very important usually suffer ADD or Attention Deficit Disorder (Armstrong, 2000).As Gardner reiterated in his study of MI theo ry, an individual is mechanically equipped with unique intelligence to cope up in a diverse cultural society. It provides students with options to success and recognition for whatever talents they have. Linguistic intelligence and personal intelligence gives great opportunities for individuals in a globally competitive society. The structural views of education are now diverse in regarding intelligence out of just the normal scope of intelligence.The multiple intelligence theory is said to be a threat to formal education, a death knell as they say, believing that teaching to address a single kind of intelligence is already hard. However, most schools have actually responded positively to Gardners theory as it is said to validate educators everyday experience, recognizing the difference in the way students think and learn.At the same time, educators have recognized the possession of the sevensome kinds of intelligence as a necessity in living life well. It is for this reason that te achers are being called to attend to all kinds of intelligence, not just the deuce kinds of intelligence traditionally addressed by educators and educational institutions (Smith, 2002).MI is a means to foster high forest work. MI should be used as a tool to promote a high quality of education instead of just a theory (Smith, 2002). Creativity is promoted in the nuance of education and by which it helps the production of more creative ideas to continually support the existing knowledge we learn in school. Students are also encouraged to learn beyond the four walls of the classroom, in preparing them for the real mankind. They are equipped with facts that they could apply in their day-to-day lives.Gardners multiple intelligence theory has inspired a mint of schools to undergo educational reforms that could help raise the quality of education. According to Thomas Armstrong (2000), several methods have been incorporated in teaching academic topics. For example, the study of the inte grity of supply and demand in economics does not just involve linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligences such as studying by reading about it and the mathematical expressions by which the law is expressed.In the study, spatial intelligence is also incorporated through examination of graphic charts, observing the laws of the natural world (naturalist), the human world of commerce (interpersonal), the law in terms of ones own body (bodily-kinesthetic and intrapersonal) or even the writing/decision a song that proves the accuracy of the law of supply and demand.It is for this reason that numerous schools have redesigned their curriculum to satisfy the needs of the people possess different types of intelligence. Arts PROPEL, in the US have developed a series of modules that serve the goals of the curriculum as well as the needs of its students. MI is a means to foster high quality work. Using MI as a tool to promote high quality student work rather than using the theory as an end in and of itself (Smith, 2002).Creativity is promoted in the nuance of education and by which it helps the production of more creative ideas to continually support the existing knowledge we learn in school. Students are also provided not only to think inside of the boundaries of the classroom but rather prepare them in the real world and set them in more ways than one. One which is only equipped with facts but not able to apply it in situations he or she faces.In the same way, Patricia Bolanos designed a public school in Indianapolis that supports the multiple intelligence theory. The curriculum is designed in such a way that it helps in finding the kind of intelligence a student is said to be possessing and at the same time, guide them in enriching what they have.Through the different steps that these schools have taken, they have in a way, considered the role of people who exhibit other kinds of intelligence. At the same time, the theory of multiple intelligence has become of vi tal importance to language teachers as it has allowed them to examine their teaching methods and how it effectively caters the need of their students. Different approaches shall be used in order to address the intelligence profiles of the students. Once again, the said theory has been responsible in enhancing the curriculum design, lesson planning and program development of various schools (Zulkuf Altan, 2001).ConclusionThe rise of Howard Gardners multiple intelligence theory has lead to different reactions by the academe and psychologists, considering its importance in every day lives. Schools require students to meet a certain score in their achievement tests before allowing them to enter into their respectable institutions. It showed the society that other intelligences, aside the two traditional ones that have been regarded as important in the society is important and should also be taken into consideration. Students have different interests, react to different subject matters a nd topics and of course, adopt different ways of taking in information (Gardner, 1995)..It is for this reason that educational institutions nowadays have readjusted their curriculum, in their hopes to cater to artistic, musical, body intelligences, etc. It is believed that it is only through this that schools could properly respond to the needs of their students having possessed a different type of intelligence, aside from the traditional, more popular ones (Gardner, 1995).With the multiple intelligence theory, various learning-styles have been built on particular sense modalities such as auditory, visual and kinesthetics, believing that it is only through this that educators may transmit the lesson and information to the brains of their students without giving them a hard time, giving them the access to information that could best meet their needs (Gardner, 1995).REFERENCESArmstrong, T. (2000). Multiple Intelligences. Retrieved October 21, 2007From http//www.thomasarmstrong.com/mul tiple_intelligences.htmKlein, P.D. (1997). Multiplying the Problems of Intelligence by Eight A Critique of Gardners Theory. Retrieved October 21, 2007 from Jstor DatabaseGardner, H. (1995). Multiple Intelligences as a Catalyst. English Journal Vol. 84no(prenominal)8. p.8. retrieved October 21, 2007 from Jstor DatabaseGardner, H. and Hatch, T. (1989) Multiple Intelligence Go to School educational Implications of the Theory of Multiple Intelligences, by Howard Gardner. Educational Researcher. Volume 8. No. pp.4-10. Retrieved October 21, 2007 from Jstor DatabaseSmith, Mark. (2002). Howard gardner, multiple intelligences and education. Retrieved October 20, 2007 from http//www.infed.org/thinkers/gardner.htm Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2007). Multiple intelligences,Retrieved on October 20, 2007 from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_multiple_intelligencesZulkuf Altan, M. (2001). Intelligence Reframed Multiple Intelligences for the 21st Century, Review. TESOL Quarterly Vol. 35 , No. 1, p. 35. Retrieved October 21, 2007 from Jstor Database

Valkyrie Case Study

Valkyrie Lighting is facing a red-hot challenge within its certain operations. This challenge comes in the form of expanding and improving its contemporary provide strand direction corpse. In this pertly implementation, the Valkyrie management team lead need to incorporate triad rattling concepts to achieve mastery in the super militant securities pains of skilful luminance. With this pertly submit scope management focus, Valkyrie pass on experience m all issues that provide need to be turn to to minimize the time it takes to get its expanded add up chain up and passing smoothly.A bend of the issues that Valkyrie experiences can be summarized into three main issues that argon really holding up Valkyries success in this new endeavor. The main issues that Valkyrie faces include product accessibility, limited communications, and current barriers to its global expansion strategy. With this new focus on supply chain management, Valkyrie must decide surrounded by implementation of a performance crease within sun Products facility, or establish a legal binding organisation with fair weather Products to act as their sole supplier.Currently there is a lack of an coordinated computing machine outline that prohibits both Valkyrie and cheerfulness to adequately respond to each others product quest ineluctably. Due to communication being vital to any business lines success, Valkyrie must look to integrate with Sunshine products to improve communications and learning sharing to combat inventory issues and spikes in client demands. Due to increasing competition within the practiced lighting industry, Valkyrie has the opportunity to expand its operations throughout 2 potentially lucrative markets.Valkyrie must break apart the southeast Asian market and the European market the twain primary global opportunities. Both options nourish advantages and disadvantages which Valkyrie must analyze to achieve global success. Our apparent m otion almost recommendation is to establish a legal agreement with Sunshine Products to become our sole supplier. The second recommendation is to establish an integrated computing machine system between Valkyrie and Sunshine. Our final recommendation is to focus on origination into the European market through a trine troupe forceor.These recommendations pull up stakes allow Valkyrie to maximize its supply chain, effectively communicate between all supply members and expand its market share while maintaining its snapper competency of producing aesthetically designed lighting products. play along Overview Valkyrie Lighting is a manufacturing company with operations mainly in North America. The companys primary focus is the product and delivery of technologically mature industrial lighting. Valkyrie Lighting operates in a supply chain with many tiers working together to create a product that serve a number of guests.The majority of their parts come from tier-one suppliers, s uch as Sunshine Products, that are sent to a manufacturing plant in Denver. In this plant, the products are assembled, stored, and delivered to clients who clothe sends. The tier-one suppliers campaign the manufacturing of parts from tier-two suppliers that are located throughout the world such as Sunshine Products who contracts in Taiwan. Valkyrie Lighting gained market share in the practiced lighting industry due to integrating advanced technology which was master key to the competition.This technology led to the creation of superior products and the abilityto create custom products that serve different customer needs. Valkyrie Lighting also held a emulous bank with the product design and looks that were more than desired than that of the competition. This is currently Valkyrie Lightings main competitive edge in the industry. Valkyrie Lightings operations are based on a push system that follows forecasts which are revised every quarter. This push system has led the compan y to produce in batch make fores.The constant demand from customers for unique designs requires that Valkyrie Lighting create a certain amount of one product, therefore switch to create a nonher similar product with minor design differences. The type of operations performed at the Denver plant is completed in two stages. The first stage re establishs a repetitive operation because the mettle pieces of the product are assembled by workers to complete only the technical assembly. There are eight different basic assemblies that are created and then the product is moved to the second stage.The second stage is considered more intermittent because the basic assembled products are then unblemished to customer style preferences and is the source of the variety among customers. Once the product has been completed, the product is stored into stock located in the Denver plant and shipped based on customer orders. This operation represents a make-to-stock strategy where the product is prod uced based from forecasts which are held as inventory until the customer demands a product. Valkyrie Lighting is in an industry that was highly competitive until a few major companies dominated the majority of the market.The technical lighting industry is a slow-growing market where the order winners are based on superior technology, product variety, and timely delivery. Pricing and customer service are important factors in maintaining the competitive edge along with having advanced technology. The main trend in this market is the moving away from measuring designs and being flexible to create a number of products that serve different needs based from the customer. This is important for any company in this industry because the market consist of primarily of large buyers that could have a significant impact on the market share a company possesses.Currently Valkyrie and two other firms control the majority of the market share. The current market that Valkyrie Lighting operates in is the North American market. This is where Valkyrie operates strongly and is the most competitive. Other markets of interest include Europe, selenium Asia, and Latin America. Each market has its own unique situations and barriers that affect Valkyrie Lighting. Currently, Valkyrie Lighting is taking advantage of the European market by exporting from the USA through a Dutch istri merelyor, but future growth and market power will require manufacturing and dissemination in Europe rather than exporting directly from the USA. The Southeast Asian market is difficult because of the strong competition among Asian companies and their ability to provide low costs, a core priority that Valkyrie cannot deliver at this time. The Latin American market is still untouched by Valkyrie Lighting and no long-term operation plans have been developed. Valkyrie Lighting has many strengths with the current operation model.Their technology is strong fair to middling that they can create a number of superior products and make custom changes to satiate the customer demands. This is important because the market demands that companies have a wide variety of products to carry through customer preferences. Another strength of Valkyrie Lighting is the aesthetics of their products. In the technical lighting industry, products need to be unique and Valkyrie Lighting achieved success by getting their products put into trade shows. This led to a strong following and more business. Another main strength for Valkyrie Lighting and their operation design is the make-to-stock.With customers demanding that companies hold products until orders are placed, Valkyrie Lighting continues to deliver customer satisfaction and is flexible. Despite around of the strengths of the current operations, Valkyrie Lightings current operation model contains many disadvantages. One of the biggest disadvantages is that the company is erratic with delivery times. Because the company continues to use a push system and q uarterly forecast, they cannot handle on-time delivery for large orders or higher than expected orders from their larger customers.Valkyrie Lighting has tried to offset this chore by using the make-to-stock process, but this leads to the company holding onto large amounts of inventory that is costly to the company and uses space in the Denver plant. Another disadvantage Valkyrie Lighting faces is the lack of a standard line of communication among the different tiers of suppliers. The suppliers use different forecasts and rely on a push-system. Valkyrie Lighting utilises a forecast that does not anticipate last-minute changes in demand and this leads to erratic delivery times to customers.Valkyries communication technology is not matched with its suppliers, which leads to a lack of closeness in communication. These issues affect the supply chain with suppliers running out of materials, Valkyrie Lighting not producing enough products, and customers waiting longer to receive orders. The last issue Valkyrie Lighting is faced with is penetrating new markets in different countries. With the lack of solid communication in the supply chain and the inability to deliver just-in-time, Valkyrie Lighting faces issues in setting up operations in Southeast Asia.Because the company does not directly operate in Asia, it cannot compete with the local firms that can provide products at a lower price. In Europe, Valkyrie Lighting understands their current operation is short-term. To continue to grow and expand market share Valkyrie understands they must consider expansion into the global market. Current Problems Although the business has been an industry leader and successful in the past, the Valkyrie management team is challenged to improve their supply chain management as they move forward. This project, supply chain management, is a new concept to Valkyrie.Although the management team has little experience in supply chain management, Rob Brown is confident that his team mem bers are up for the challenge as they all have a stake in the survival and prosperity of the business. The team comes together in this project with various expertise and qualifications, which will allow them to face many challenges that are to come. These challenges range from decisions that will ultimately change Valkyries way of doing business, and quite possibly even the entire technical lighting industry. This will require a new way of thinking and managing to remain successful as they move forward.Valkyrie is currently in a highly competitive industry where until recently there were very few major innovations. Valkyrie moved early to gain a competitive advantage. With this shift to improving their supply chain management, Valkyrie must act in the best interest of its stakeholders, which includes owners, suppliers, industryrs, vendors, employees, customers and the competition. Valkyrie must be methodical about the procedures it takes as they need to remain true to their core co mpetency of providing superior technically advanced products with an aesthetic design, which is their top advantage over the competition.Before moving forward too quickly, Valkyrie must identify current paradoxs and potential supply chain hindrances to minimize the frequency of false starts, fully utilize its capacities, and maximize productivity to ensure their product is still a viable and desirable choice for its end users. Major goals that Valkyrie seeks to achieve are to provide better delivery times to their customers, maintain well designed aesthetic products, and regain market share that has been lost due to price wars of the industrys customers. There are three problems that Valkyrie needs to address initially in order to make their supply chain successful.The first problem Valkyrie must address is its current race with Sunshine Products. Sunshine plays a significant role in Valkyries success because of its unique technology. Sunshine provides components to Valkyrie, bu t due to Sunshines production planning procedures, Valkyrie is unable to increase order quantities in guardianship that Sunshine is operating near capacity. Valkyrie and Sunshines current relationship is solid, but in semi-formal. Brown, as leader of this project, needs to identify that an informal relationship will hinder his attempts to make the supply chain management successful.Brown needs to look for ways to work jointly with Sunshine in hopes of devising Sunshine their sole supplier. A sole supplier relationship will help Sunshine with inventory issues, inventory planning and production forecasts. In todays business world, the internet is a very useful tool and virtually has very few limitations. Currently, Valkyrie and Sunshine do not have a compatible system, which hinders planning, inventories, and production plans. Both businesses plan production based on their inventory and production schedules, and Sunshine operates on a two-month planning horizon.This current system d oes not provide either company flexibility with production runs and prohibits them from accommodating spikes in product demand. If this is not resolved, the companies may experience the bull-whip effect and implore tactics that will lead to excess inventories. Valkyrie and Sunshine need to share an integrated system which allows visuals on both companies inventory and re-order points. By addressing the first two problems, Valkyrie will modify itself to take on its major competition by streamlining its components and production plans.To remain competitive, Valkyrie must improve lead times and flexibility to meet market demands. In addition, with the demand possibly stretching globally, Valkyrie needs to determine their expansion strategy based on which markets are most lucrative. The two possible markets that are hopeful to Valkyrie at this time are the European and Southeast Asia markets. By expanding to one or both of these markets, Valkyrie will be able to change its marketing a nd gross revenue strategy from a push concept to a pull system due to the ability to fill orders upon the ever changing demands of their product.Valkyrie has alternatives to choose from to resolve these three major issues. By solving these issues first, Valkyrie sets itself up for success. Issue 1 Product Accessability To better understand the problem with Sunshine, we will first look at the present situation. Sunshine serves two other customers in non-competing fields other than Valkyrie and its production facility operates near capacity. The informal relationship between Valkyrie and Sunshine is sufficient when the two companies managers adhere to their hand-shake commitment and no competitor steps in.As Valkyrie loses ground in the U. S. market to its two major competitors, Valkyries priority level in Sunshine may not remain if demand drops. Once the company engages in overseas production, Sunshine will not be able to manufacture the additional needed components under the current monetary value and Valkyrie may need to develop new suppliers. It is obvious continuing with the current informal handshake agreement is not an option for Valkyrie and Sunshine in the long run. In addition, as Valkyrie is exploring market expansion, this action will further necessitate an improved supply chain with Sunshine.Two possible solutions are option 1 Place a dedicated production line in Sunshines production plant. Alternative 2 Negotiate a formal contract with Sunshine and make it Valkyries sole supplier. Both proposals will be analyzed in terms of feasibility, cost, and benefit in the section below. Alternative 1 Dedicated Production Line Proposal A dedicated production line proposal suggests Valkyrie place a dedicated production line in Sunshines facility. The production line will be provided by Sunshine and paid for by Valkyrie, as it will be exclusively used for Valkyries production needs.The benefit of a dedicated production line is Valkyrie will have flexibility in its production planning and a just-in-time system can be implemented. The new line will provide extra capacity to satisfy Valkyries increasing production need. Production equipment will not be a problem for the dedicated production line proposal since Sunshine either has enough room or it could expand its plant. All costs that occur during the setup of the production line will be covered by Valkyrie. The real problem is in the production and management of the dedicated line.Who should be responsible for the new line? How should wages and pricing be determined? If Sunshine were to provide the front line production workers and administration, they may charge a price premium. An agreement with Sunshine will need to be established for Valkryie to ensure the dedicated line in Sunshines facility will become the priority. Alternative 2 Formal Contract and sole supplier Proposal Compared to the dedicated production line, a formal contract is simpler and easier to implement. The contract needs to address the concept of sole supplier and the external factory.By creating a formal contractual relationship with Sunshine, Valkyrie guarantees Sunshine will be its sole supplier. In this contract, Sunshine will need to adjust its production planning procedure to make Valkyries demand their first priority. A formal contract also builds up long-term relationship between the two companies rather than the two managers. With a formal contract, Sunshine becomes a guaranteed service provider. The benefit of such a relationship is information sharing, which is vital to the success of supply chain management.With an open information flow system, Sunshine can respond to production changes faster and reduce lead time. Another benefit of contractual agreement is it provides greater incentive for continuous quality improvement, which benefits both Valkyrie and Sunshine. The most important benefit of a formal contract is the elimination of uncertainty, the risk of losing a strategic part ner. Recommendation The absence of a formal contract between Valkyrie and Sunshine places a huge risk on Valkyries long-term success.With its unique technology, Sunshine plays a critical role in Valkyries supply chain. It is clear that Valkyrie needs to include Sunshine in order to implement improvements in the supply chain. Considering both proposals pros and cons, we determine that a dedicated production line is neither feasible nor cost effective. The formal contract and external factory proposal fit into the supply chain management requirement and is oft easier to implement. Thus, the formal contract and external factory proposal is recommended. Issue 2 The Lack of Computer Integration SystemCommunication is the key to any businesss success. Due to Sunshines resistance to computer integration, both companies are experiencing communication problems. An integrated system will increase the productivity of the companies information systems, order entry and production system. Inform ation Systems Information systems play a prominent role in any companys supply chain. Valkyrie needs to share data, such as purchase orders, invoices, and payments, along with information about common information and financial records with all chain members.Sharing systems speeds up the flow of materials, payments and information. It allows companies to reduce the effort and cost of processing such transactions, and enables all members of the supply chain to know expected completion dates and availability of the products. Sharing a computer system allows all members to know when demand changes from the forecast. Any problems encountered that affect availability quantity or delivery time of the products allows the chain members to respond to problems and react to meet delivery commitments.Sharing information, analyzing market feedback and trends between chain members is critical to be successful in todays dynamic global market. Order origination Many companies and retailers are usin g Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) and/or Point-Of-Sale (POS) systems because it is very convenient for buyers and sellers. By using EDI, the form of computer-to-computer communication is interchangeable to share business documents such as invoices, purchase orders, shipping bills and product stocking numbers. This helps both buyers and sellers reduce logistical and labor costs and get products to market faster.For example, when suppliers lift an advance shipment notice to the company for each inbound shipment, EDI systems can be effectively implemented. This notice provides a purchase order number, vendor appellative number, product identification number and carton counts for each item in the shipment. The EDI data flows directly from the suppliers computers into companies and retailers warehouse management system. With this information, Valkyries distribution center can anticipate inbound volume, prepare for receiving, and schedule the appropriate number of warehouse workers.E DI advanced shipment notification is sent from a shipper to a receiver with detailed information about the contents of the shipment. The process mentioned above also fall outs the need to schedule and stage the shipment later, which saves on labor costs. done the EDI system, suppliers get paid accurately and on time. Furthermore, EDI can eliminate order batching. Companies typically use large order batching because of the relatively high cost of placing an order. release chain partners can reduce ordering cost by using electronic data interchange to transmit information.Lower ordering costs eliminate the need for batch order. Similarly, when the retailers use Point of Sale (POS) systems, the information collected by POS allows both Valkyrie and Sunshine to know the product demand information when making replenishment decisions. In addition, EDI and POS are very helpful to counteract the bullwhip effect of erratic replenishment of orders placed on different levels in the supply ch ain that have no apparent link to final customer demand, and as a result, manufacturers inventory does not coincide with demand. Production systemBy integrating the two companies computer systems and sharing relevant databases, Valkyrie and Sunshine Product can both benefit with a production system that determines what is needed, how much is needed and when it is needed. From Valkyries standpoint, having its orders completed and shipped to the distribution center on time is the vital to maintain customer satisfaction and market share. From Sunshines view point, switching from conventional system-push system to a pull system would be a good strategy because it reduces inventory on production and materials.Thus, it helps Sunshine Product to solve the problem on material shortages or production planning system. The disadvantage of combining two companies computer system is that data exchange might create some problems in payment process or information flows between two companies. This computer integration also requires the internal consistency and discipline to ensure the process is integrated and information flows accuracy, otherwise it will create errors that bring problems to both companies in the short-run. Issue 3 The Entry to the Global MarketAt the core of Valkyries global corporate strategy is the need to make a significant lucrative entry into the global market. Rapid expansion into a fragment of the global market will make up for the mature market conditions in North America. Alternative 1 The Southeast Asian Market Southeast Asia is identified as a promising market but this market does not share the need for Valkryies unique, aesthetic design element. Valkryies technical lead is already being eroded boy Alpha products, leaving only the aesthetic design advantage which is not an order winner in Southeast Asia.Valkyrie has an opportunity to leverage the relationship with Sunshines established contract manufacturing in Taiwan. This liaison could transit ion into an opportunity to pursue moving into the Southeast Asia market. Valkyrie will have to establish its own communication and control systems to monitor their third society. They will need to monitor and evaluate the third companionships level of customer service, the efficiency of their operations and inventory investment.Alternative 2 The European Market. Valkyries main competitive advantage is their design element cognize to be essential to market success in Europe. By moving into the European market, Valkyrie will be able to get a faster reply to new customers, provide better service and increase market share. This solution requires learning about the European market and the European custom rules. Profits will be higher and Valkyrie will not suffer a loss of control which might result in poor market performance as opposed to simply licensing in Europe. This alternative helps overcome high fix cost and high tariff duties.A third party contractor will have a European mark et awareness of customers product needs and will be knowledgeable about the competition. The third party contractor would understand the customer service requirements which vary considerably from northern to southern Europe and will assume the responsibility for providing communications. A third party contractor can be counted on to know their local markets suppliers capabilities and performance. As these other suppliers are less critical to Valkyries success than Sunshine, they could be substituted if they do not perform to standards.Recommendation Our recommendation is for Valkyrie to establish local production, under Valkyries name, by contracting with a third party to manufacture and distribute in Europe. The justification for choosing the European market is this market will require a unique styling of lighting products which is Valkyries primary competitive advantage and core competency. This design element is essential to Valkyries market success in the European market. The co mmitment to this strategic plan would negate an entry into the Asian market at this time.The third party contractor will need to be an experienced operator who can handle both the manufacturing and distribution. As Sunshine Products will be contractually bound as a wholeness source supplier, their Taiwan plant will transmit orders electronically to the third party contractor who will work with regional suppliers to provide the remainder of the components. Factors to consider when identifying potential third party contractors will include the companys ability to partner with Sunshine Products, the ability to identify regional suppliers to provide the remainder of the component parts and the facilitys proximity to customers.The European single point distribution system will be essentially parallel to the US market. In order to meet product demand and service requirements Valkyrie knows that a single point distribution system and negotiating service contracts with carriers to provide distribution is effective. The company knows from experience at their Denver location that deliveries can be do to most major markets even by surface carriers. CONCLUSION Valkyrie Lighting is venturing into new but potentially lucrative concepts.This new supply chain management will allow Valkyrie to remain competitive in the highly competitive technical lighting industry. By focusing on members of the supply chain, Valkyrie can utilize its resources to compliment its current strengths in creating better business relationships with its supply chain members. To ensure that Valkyrie succeeds in this new endeavor, there must be a formal contract between Valkyrie and Sunshine to ensure that Valkyries demand will be met. Playing into the success is also the implementation of a integrated computer system between its supply chain members.This allows all members of the supply chain to readily see the inventories that are needed to sustain, while minimizing the bullwhip effect. Finally, Val kyrie must focus on its core competency, by manufacturing products that are preferred for the aesthetic design. This focus is one that suggests that expanding into the European market should be the sole focus at the current time. By following our three recommendations, Valkyrie will improve product accessibility, improve communications within the supply chain and increase market share with expansion into the European market.

Hucleberry Finn Essay

Winnie the Pooh didnt take place during one of the most controversial times in American history, when slavery, King Cotton and Jim Crow ruled, when abolitionists and apologists were battling over the fundamental inwardness of freedom and humanity, and when the north and the south kept disputing over the issue Of leaver that would pointtually lead to the bloodiest war in American history The Civil War. By writing this daybook Mark Twain not only gave us an entertaining adventure and a picaresque novel, however in addition gave us a really deep and analytical synopsis of southern culture and the horrors of slavery.He was really subtle with his commentary on slavery itself, however focused a make out on racism especially by emphasizing racial slurs in dialogues and utilizing racial stereotypes. This in itself justifies its place in high school curriculum by presenting itself as an adventure book with a bulky deal of history in it, but it also proves that its an essential part of the curriculum and the hall of fame for great books, because its a book that makes you stop and think multiple times near not only the past, but the present and current racism happening in the country and around the world.Huckleberry Finn is a great historical novel, informative and realistic, when it came to slavery in the south during that era. The story starts in Missouri with Houck spending time with tom and his band of robbers, and finally with his dad which he describes to be as greasy and dirty. He ends up escaping Missouri to run away from his dad and ends up meeting Jim whos also trying to escape. The rest of the story involves them leaving advance south until they can reach a river passage that would guide them north, to the Free states.Going further south always symbolized trouble, since the Deep South was the heart of slavery, and Border States treated slaves more kindly/ than southern states. Thats why Jim always expresses his fear of being interchange further sout h, and thats why at the end when they hear Uncle Sills thinking about selling Jim down south if no one claims him causes them to panic. Examples like this makes this book an astounding tool to use to explain what slavery in the south meant to kids.Other than slavery the book effectively depicts southern culture throughout Husks adventures. The scene where Houck gets on the great raft, with the brawl in the middle, gives a realistic image Of what manhood and honor meant in the south, and how important they were. They made fun of him till he got mad and jumped up and began to cuss the crowd, and said he could lam any thief in the lot. They was all about to make a break for him, but the biggest man there jumped up and says Set Wharton are, entitlement.Leave him to me hes my meat. (98) It shows how physical fortitude was particularly more important than it was in the north and physical aggression more acceptable. The passage where it went The preaching was going under the same kinds of sheds, only they was bigger and held crowds of peoples The first shed we come to, the preacher was lining out a hymn. He lined out 2 lines, everybody sung it, and it was kind of grand to hear it, there was so many of them and they done it in such a rousing way (146-147) Showed importance of religion In participation and the pep respect and trust people showed towards priests. Other important and common social practices such as lynching were mentioned a lot too, during the nineteenth century lynching was a big problem, surmounting 300 a year in some cases, and this was the biggest threat for the King and the Duke. People took justice into their own hands and towards the end when the village tarred and feathered them, showing how they were not going to have a trial.The reality and harshness of society in the south was vividly depicted in the book, and as a result this makes the book a valuable commodity to have in the class mom. The reason why this book is so essential for t he classroom, and for outside of the classroom, is because the ingenious diction and technique Mark Twain used to get the readers to think critically on issues that plague our society even today. Houck never really breaks free of the racism surrounding him, but he manages to see through the curtain it makes.Mark Twain actively gives the feeling of both racial prejudice and childish sympathy Houck feels towards Jim in passages where Houck talks about Jim. An example of this was when Houck talks aboutIM feeling sad about his family I went to sleep, and Jim didnt call me when it was my turn. He oft done that. When I waked up, just at daybreak, he was setting there with his head down betwixt his knees, moaning and mourning to himself. I didnt take notice, nor let on. I endowed what it was about.He was thinking about his wife and his children, away up yonder, and he was low and homesick because he hadnt ever been away from home before in his life and I do believe he cared just as much f or his people as white folks does for theirs. It dont seem natural, but I reckon its so. He was often moaning and mourning that way, nights, when he judged I as asleep, and saying Pop little Elizabeth Pop little Johnny It mighty hard I spec I anti ever Gwynne to see you no MO He was a mighty good Niger, Jim was. (170) This part is not only emotional for Houck and the reader as an observer, but really sad for Jim as well. Bondage of a whole race wasnt only about economic necessities, social customs and politics but also about stories, experiences and incredible hardships. This book shows the human damage slavery had done upon African . Also an interesting thing to note is how Houck feels bad for him but lock in considers it abnormal for Jim to feel these linings, thus still giving the passage an underlying antiblack tone, to always remind us how much it was embedded in society all around the nation.The final passage involving a serious tone involving the dilemma of slavery and fre edom was when Houck had to decide between ratting out Jim or not here was the plain hand of Providence slapping me in the face and letting me know my wickedness was being watched all the time from up there in heaven, whilst I was stealing a poor old womans Niger that hadnt ever done me no harm So I got a piece of paper and a pencil, all glad and excited, ND set down and wrote and got to thinking over our trip down the river and I see Jim before me we a floating along, talking and singing, and laughing.But somehow I couldnt seem to strike no places to harden me against him, but only the other kind. l see him how glad he was when I come covering fire out of the fog and how good he always was and at last struck the time saved him by telling the men we had small-pox aboard, and he was so grateful, and said was the best friend old Jim ever had in the world, and the only one hes got now Id got to decide, forever, betwixt two things, ND I endowed it. Tidied a minute, sort of holding my b reath, and then says to myself All right, then, Ill go to hell- and tore it up (222-223) That celebrated crisis of conscience Houck experiences is a question. It makes the choices people back then made about the question Houck was pondering about clearer, and also shows the questions people are still trying to answer today. The immigration problem, Ferguson and Staten Island shows that we still struggle between doing the right and equipment casualty thing.This elaborate language, and the continuous underlying tone of racism (Houck describing his hooch of freeing Jim as evil by concluding that hell go to hell for this is an example of the racist undertone in this passage) really makes this book excellent for young students stepping out into a world where they will face many controversial choices, and this also makes the book an irreplaceable masterpiece in American literature.

Christmas carol Essay

In a Christmas carol by Charles Dickens, tyke becomes a reformed character by the end of the story. Explain how in effect Dickens shows the extent of these character changes. The story tells of scrooge who is transported through time to the Christmas of his childhood, the present and the future. The following essay will take you through these time periods. At the beginning of the story scrooge is portrayed as a dull, bleak character. On the front cover for example we can see scrooge in a dark room on his own.The only light is from the small candle on his mantle piece. He has grey hair and a presbyopic pointy nose. Scrooges personality was very negative and dull. We know that his attitude is bad as when his nephew wishes him a merry Christmas he replies bah, humbug. scrooges nephew then again wishes scrooge a merry Christmas but again only gets a response of what reason have you to be merry, youre poor enough when scrooges nephew replies youre bounteous enough what reason have you to be dismissal scrooge has no answer to that question.As good as showing us scrooges negative personality it also shows us his attitude towards Christmas. Scrooge also has a negative attitude towards the poor. We learn about this as when the charity collectors come, nonpareil says at this time of year it is usually more than desirable that we should make some slight provision for the poor. Are there no prisons replied scrooge At hearing this, the inspector says yes plenty, but many cant go there and many would rather die. A cold hearted scrooge then replies well then they had better do it quick and decrease the surplus population. The collectors were astonished and after this they realised there would be no point in act there point. The gentlemen left. After this incident a couple of carol singers called at scrooges house. As soon as scrooge opened the portal he raised a large stick and the small boys fled. At the end of the story scrooge became a completely reformed charact er. He walked the streets with a smile on his face he then also went to church and watched the people hurrying to and fro. He looked into kitchens of houses and found that anything could yield him pleasure.Earlier on in the story scrooge was invited to his nephews Christmas dinner. He rejected the invite. Later that afternoon he turned his steps towards the party. He walked in and said where is my love Hes in the dining room said the servant. Scrooge made his way to the dining room and when he walked in everyone looked at him bemused. Why bless my mind cried Fred whos that Its I, your uncle scrooge, I have come to dinner. Will you let me in Fred? Of course replied Fred.After the party instead of scrooges usual party pooper image he cried loveful party, wonderful games, wonderful unanimity, wonderful happiness. Scrooge was completely reformed. Another thing that proved scrooges reformation was when Bob Cratchit turned up late for work. He was pleading with scrooge not to fire him . Instead scrooge said a very merry Christmas and offered him a pay rise. The reader is kept kindle by the ghosts that challenge scrooge each time. erstwhile scrooge has past the first challenge the reader wants to stay and see if he passes the next one.Once he passes the second challenge the level of tension rises. After passing the third challenge scrooge remembers what he was like at the start of the story. whatsoever of the words he used come back to haunt him. The overall message is that you dont have to be a scrooge if you cast others misfortunes and try to help out as much as possible. You will lead a much happier life if you are thoughtful and considerate. The story makes you wonder which side of scrooge you are most similar to. It leaves a clear question in your head. how could I change?

“Beowulf”, “The Odyssey” and Other Related Epics Essay

An expansive is best described by the Merriam-Webster Dictionary as a long yarn poem in elevated flair recounting the whole kit and boodle of a legendary or historical crampfish. Epics like Beowulf and The Odyssey argon perfect examples of this definition they argon each centered on the deeds and triumphs of their heroes, Beowulf and Odysseus. All bigs are similar in a way that they are made up of elements. One major element of the epic is its guinea pigs. In completely epics, the writings are what make and mold these narrative poems, they descriptively outline the hi point. Most epics, like Beowulf and The Odyssey, go for themes like affairs, basiscoming, identicalness, science etc. Through themes like these, morals, value and traditions relating to the main characters customs and culture can be introduced to the ratifier. The setup and purpose of the story, through the theme(s), can also be introduced. Not only are the themes identity element, battles, intuition and nursing homecoming related to Beowulf and The Odyssey, but they are also linked to other epics as rise uphead. The Odyssey is best described as a suck up to the Greeks, a guide to literature and a guide to the complexities of society, identity, and home. in that location were many themes, both universal and timeless that thoroughly revealed the main thought processs and issues of this legendary epic. The first and more stressed theme in The Odyssey is identity. In Grecian times, the identities of human beings were associated with their properties, their have and their heritage or past. A Greeks household was the foundation of his or her identity. Being that Odysseus was helpless in search of his seized home, until he found it, he was considered a nobody, or as he c anyed himself, a no-man. Like his home, Odysseus has to reclaim his salient name as well. Without a name a man has no meaning or value. Not only does Odysseus search for his identity, but his son, Telemachus searches as well. Without knowing anything almost his past (his father, Odysseus) Telemachus feels that he doesnt know who he is or what hes truly worth. Odysseus and Telemachus battle with their identities for the majority of the epic, which further explains why identity is wholeness of the main themes. Next, the theme that relates to the theme of identity is homecoming.This theme supports Odysseuss long journey home. In Greek, the tales of turn backing home were called Nostoi. To the Greeks, homecoming meant reclaiming heritage, identity and love ones . There were many obstacles (Gods, people etc.) in the epic that tried to deter Odysseus from reaching his home once again. In the epic, Homer shows the reader how Odysseus feels by saying this, academic term on the seashore and his eyes were never wiped dry of tears, and the sweet lifetime was draining out of him, as he wept for a way home. By including the ideas of loneliness and longing to be home, Homer creates the theme of h omecoming. Another important theme in The Odyssey is battles. As well as searching for his identity and home all throughout the epic, Odysseus also had to defend himself throughout the epic. The battles in epics help build the character. They almost always result in victories and turn the main character(s) into legendary heroes. In The Odyssey there was not a battle that Odysseus lost, he even defeated the almighty Poseidon, god of the sea, by returning home. He had a care of help from the goddess of wisdom, Athena. Without the main idea of heroes along with battles and villains, epics would be undefined. Battles, as a major theme in all epics, are needed to keep the story moving.Like all the themes in The Odyssey each is linked to the other. The theme that is linked to the most important one in this epic, identity, is recognition. Recognition in this epic focuses on Odysseus and his disguise (an old man) that is given to him by Athena to help him reclaim his kingdom and his wife. Homer shows how Odysseus plots and schemes to take back e reallything he once owned. The whole idea of this theme is as he goes about with his disguise, only several of those closest to him recognize something familiar about him and see that he, the old man, is Odysseus. Although, his wife Penelope did not know until he turns back to his original being. Also, recognition is gained when Telemachus doubts that Odysseus is his father. But, Odysseus eventually persuades Telemachus to accept him as his father. As stated before, in Homers epic, an identity cannot be claimed until recognition of that identity from others is claimed first.Like The Odyssey, Beowulf is also a legendary epic that includes the themes identity, homecoming, battles and recognition as its primary focus. In Beowulf, the themes homecoming and recognition are very closely related. When Beowulf returns to Geatland, he is broadly rewarded for his kit and caboodle. He reunites with King Hygelac and tells of his great adventures. Recognition is shown by Beowulf giving most of his treasure haved to the King, and in return is awarded with treasure of his home from King Hygelac. Beowulf was praised and glorified for his homecoming(s) to Geatland and his return from his victories over Grendel and his mother. He wasrecognized as a true hero, an Anglo-Saxon hero to be exact. In Beowulf, Kingdoms acknowledged Beowulf by showering him with treasures, feasts and celebrations. Like God, to the Geats and Danes, he was worthy of all praises. He earned his recognition. Thats what the homecoming of a hero is all about, heroes being rewarded for their works and receiving the uttermost respect. Recognition is the actual reward intoxicated from the heroine act, whether its treasures or shouts and chants of the heroes name. Just as the themes homecoming and recognition in Beowulf are related, the themes battles and identity relate as well. The battles that Beowulf fight, in a way, reveals the person he really is and what hes all about.His triumph in each battle shows the reader that he is a true hero and that hes willing to fight to be recognized and to gain a sense of self and national pride. Beowulf begins with a battle and ends with a final battle against the dragon. Being that he fights for the majority of the epic, and his adventures are molded from his battles, this must be included as one of the main themes. Yes, Beowulf and The Odyssey do share similar themes but each theme has a different significance for each epic. Each theme stands for something different between the two. The significance of the theme identity in Beowulf is that his battles help to reveal who he is all throughout the epic. Beowulf knows that hes a hero and that hes brave. He defeats all of the villains and saves the day, he just wants other to realize this too. But, in The Odyssey, Odysseus and his son Telemachus have to search for their identity. The theme recognition in Beowulf has the significance of Beowulf being rewarded and recognized for his great works. On the other hand, the significance of recognition in The Odyssey is for Odysseus to keep himself hidden as a tool to help him reclaim his kingdom.The significance of the theme battles is very similar in each epic except Beowulf fights because he wants to be the hero (and he is), but Odysseus fights because he has to, although he too becomes a hero like Beowulf. Odysseus is trying to return home to his family and regain his identity but Beowulf is trying to gain recognition. As far as the theme homecoming, they each get down the same response upon their return. The people that respect and love them are happy to see them once again. Both Beowulf and Odysseus return home with adventures and stories to tell. Likewise they each receive treasures. Beowulf receives gifts and Odysseus receives a gift thats more precious than gold or treasures to him, his family and his kingdom are once again in his arms. During the course of my research, I realize that the themes of Beowulf and The Odyssey relates to other epics also. These epics are The Iliad by Homer, The Aeneid by Virgil, Gilgamesh by an anonymous author and The Rape of the plight by Alexander Pope.These epics are noteworthy as of proving my dissertation because first, they are all epics and second, they all share at least one theme with Beowulf and The Odyssey. The Iliad, a Homeric epic like The Odyssey is very popular and well known by many. Also it is very similar to The Odyssey. It has most, if not all the same themes and was written by Homer as well so it fundamentally has the same setup as The Odyssey but more so focuses on war. This epic can best be described as a story within a story. Along with the Iliad, The Aeneid, an epic by Virgil, greatly focuses on identity and homecoming. this too is also a popular epic. Next, The Rape of the Lock is a mock epic by Alexander Pope intended to lampoon or make fun of epics. He presents the whole idea of battles, ho mecoming, recognition and identity like the usual epics but in a comical way. And last but not least, Gilgamesh, an epic by an anonymous author is one that takes the reader through a world of adventure.Although all four pieces of literature I selected are epics containing more than one theme, my focus is on one specific theme for each that relates to Beowulf and The Odyssey. The theme that Ill most focus on for The Iliad is the theme recognition. This theme in The Iliad is closely related to the glory and celebration of war and is the prepotency of military glory over family. As far as recognition goes, the characters more so recognize the pursuit of glory and honor than anything else. True, like all normal person the characters love their families but they honor the pursuit of kleos, glory or renown that one gains in the eyes of others by performing great deeds. War and recognition are the key factors in this piece of literature. The characters in this story focus so much on war and recognition because Homer wants the reader to see that he suggests that the characters (mortals) try to live their lives as horribly as possible so that they can be remembered well. For if mortals physical bodies and solid creations cannot survive them, perhaps their words and deeds can.Homer is trying to stress the fact that the mortals should make a huge impact on their life, something that no one will forget and what better way to do it than with recognition and glory. In this epic, the characters usually end up in a situation where they have to choose between their family and their glory. And of course by most, glory is chosen. Hector, one of the great warriors in the Trojan army chooses to win the great glory of his father no matter the cost, even though he could orphan his only son. Hector knows that if he fights among the front ranks then he will end his quest for kleos and receive great recognition from all. Hector willingly sacrifices his life. No other theme can best describe the entire epic, The Iliad, like recognition. Homer put so much emphasis on it that its very obvious to see that recognition honor and glory (kleos) are The Iliads main themes that overshadows all the others. Although its not one of the main themes, identity still is considered a theme in The Aeneid. The theme identity in The Aeneid is very similar to the theme identity in The Odyssey. In this epic, the first part discusses the wanderings of the Trojans from Troy to Italy. While traveling, the wanders were considered homeless.Ancient culture suggests that a homeland is ones source of identity. So being that they did not have a permanent home, like Odysseus, they were no-men. Being homeless means that one is not stable with his or her situation as well as identity, in this epic this caused the men to suffer. Like Odysseus, the Trojans were in search of their identity and for them alone, a place where they belonged. But Odysseus knew where he belonged, at home with his famil y. Each time they landed on a different island they would get frustrated because they were not sure if it was their place (which was Italy) . The only reason why identity is considered a theme in this epic is because the Trojans were unsure of themselves. It took them some time to reach their desired destination. It is also considered a theme because again as a part of ancient culture, to have a home is to have an identity. Another theme that is related to Beowulf and The Odyssey and other epics is battles. The theme battles agrees with the epic The Rape of the Lock. This narrative piece of literature is not the usual epic it is considered a mock epic because it lampoons the themes and oral traditions of the usual epics.Being that The Rape of the Lock is a parody of the usual epics, everything about it is silly and strange, yet still makes sense. For example, Cosmetics, clothing and jewelry substitute for armor and weapons. One of the battles is an intense game of cards, which of c ourse results in the achievement of the protagonist, but even still that isnt the point. The point is to take the usual themes from the usual epics and twist them around to show mockery. The majority of the great battles of this epic are related to gambling and flirtatious tiffs. Although the characters in this epic fight over silly things, Alexander Pope still gets his point across to the reader. Finally, the last epic that has a theme that relates to those of Beowulf and The Odyssey is Gilgamesh. Homecoming is the theme that best defines this epic more than the others do. Like in most epics, Gilgamesh went on a journey and like Odysseus, on his way home a goddess propositions him. When he refuses her proposition, the goddess delays his homecoming by sending enemies out to destroy him.But of course Gilgamesh defeats them and returns to his homeland Uruk. When he gets there he praises the town walls and worships the land as he walks. This epic is a bit different as far as homecomin g than Beowulf or The Odyssey because once Gilgamesh in the long run reaches his home, he doesnt care about honor, glory or recognition, hes just glad to be alive, glad to see something as naive as the walls of his town once again. But of course like the other epics he does reunite with his loved ones and friends. The only problem is that this theme (homecoming) for this epic isnt as solid as it could have been, there was no big feast or treasures waiting for him at home, just his precious town walls and loved ones. In conclusion, not only are the themes identity, battles, recognition and homecoming related to Beowulf and The Odyssey, but they are also linked to other epics as well.The Iliad, The Aeneid, The Rape of the Lock and Gilgamesh each contain one of the themes that their stories concentrate on the most. The Iliad is by and large related to recognition because the characters recognize the pursuit of glory and recognition more than anything else in their lives. The Aeneid m ostly relates to identity because the Trojan soldiers are homeless which leaves them searching for an identity due to their culture. The Rape of the Lock concentrates on the mockery of the usual battles of an epic as well as other themes and Gilgamesh somewhat focuses on the theme homecoming because of his eagerness to return home and all of the obstacles and villains he has to face to get there. Although each epic was surely different, they all still had something in common, they all had themes that related to those of The Odyssey and Beowulf.