Tuesday, April 30, 2019

Socioeconomic status of Afro Brazilians in the favelas of Brazil Term Paper

Socioeconomic status of Afro brazil nutians in the favelas of Brazil - Term Paper ExampleIt was during this period that Brazil was known as one of the countries known for its stake in the slave trade the slaves were Africans, which were the blacks. These slaves were to work for the whites twain in their farms and in homes, and they were exposed to humiliating roles. These discoveries construct its origin to archeological finding resulting from new-made excavation, which was carried come in during the preparation for the Olympics and the world cup football contention (Stanley, 2005). These African slaves multiplied and thus increasing in number until they constituted to half the population of Brazil, which argon mostly found in places meant for the abject in the society. Social segregation witnessed in Brazil was contributed by the delay in the abolishment of the slave trade in the unsophisticated Brazil was the last country in America to abolish the trade. Slavery in Brazil i s, however, different from the rest of the US this is because they were inured differently. Brazilian slaves had an opportunity to exercise their escapeddom, which involve purchasing for their freedom whereby the already freed blacks will assist to free other slaves through the collection of money. Freed blacks who work in gold mines as gold miners and merchants in Ouro Preto would habitus expensive baroque churches as a way of thanking God for their excellent fortune. Brazilian government passed out a law in favor of children of slaves to be freed and allowed to attend schools just like those of the whites, which is contrary to what was casualty in the US (Bernardo, 2008). Effects of the slave trade in Brazil and delay to abolish the slave trade in the country has contributed significantly in defining Brazilians status even in the recent society. Slave trade contributed in the definition of a given up society in the recent m with such a society being characterized with firm s ocial segregation seen in the society. Brazil is viewed in the recent times as a country characterized by inequality evident between the deep and the poor. The society consists of two groups that are the middle class and the bottom class, the white fall in the gamy class magic spell the blacks are the bottom class (Carl, 2001). This form of segregation characterize Brazil in the recent times, which can be changed through advancing for affirmative action and instilling quotas during admission of both blacks and whites in public universities. Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro the capital city of Brazil, the city consist of two distinct classes that are the poor and the rich thus a preferred city of choice for the study of segregation. The rich and the poor in Rio de Janeiro live nearest to each other the rich who are the whites live in magnificent homes while the blacks live in slums commonly referred to as Favela. The living style of these groups are different hence has contributed to tone and discrimination, which is evident and has contributed to insecurity, theft and other cases of crimes usually perceived to be performed by the blacks (Carl, 2001). Significant disparities exist between the rich and the poor in the city with one fifth of the inhabitants reside in slums (favelas), which consist of indisposed regulated houses. The city of Rio has both blacks and the whites, but unlike other cities in America, the blacks are not given an opportunity to serve any position in leadership. Socioeconomic activities are significant in better the living standards

Find Me product Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Find Me product - Assignment ExampleHere you can use a group of energy on the nerves of the fact that you have spent a lot of time searching and have not found yet.So, you want quickly and without stress to find bemused things. So you want quickly and without straining to find lost things. Perfect for you would be a postal service where at any given time you can find out the location of valuable things for you. And it would be good to use for this purpose a minimum of resources.Probably, your life would be easier if these wishes were carried out. Time and nerves you fall out to search for another blemish would not be stolen from your urgent sessions. In the morning you can without extra upheaval for you to find everything you need (even socks), to have a quiet breakfast and go to work. If your pet has break down away again somewhere in an unknown direction, you would not have to anxiously look for it at the vicinity of your home.And the solution that will facilitate your life really does exist. Based on GPS technology, there was real a new device Find Me. Attach it to the important things for you, always be able to maintain track of its location.The design of the device is primarily aimed at convenience and safety when using it. It easily attaches firm to any surface and can be easily removed. Because of its tiny and minimalist appearance it will not hinder you to use those things to which it is attached.After a auditory sensation call we can get distracted and jam where we put the phone. And when we need it again, we wonder where it could be put. Great, when we have the opportunity to call our phone to find the loss by the ring sound. But if our phone on silent or if the battery is low, we do not find the phone by the sound. In this case, we can come to the aid of Find Me. Location phone attached thereto Find Me can be found by any of the device with a built-in

Monday, April 29, 2019

Improving Corporate Governance in Saudi Arabia Essay

modify incarnate Governance in Saudi Arabia - Essay ExampleThe key theme in assist brass section is the nature and the extent of accountability of individuals in the bounding orbit, and the tactics they use to suppress principal-agent problem2. Background education Saudi Arabia is the 2nd largest state in the western Asia in relation to the atomic number 18a. It is also the second largest Arab piece after Algeria3. The state has a large economy in reference to other nations in the portion with a GDP of over US$450 billion. It has the capability to maintain its economy, with sustained economy4. Saudis banks are among the leading banks in the GCC banking sector. Their average annual return is between 14% and 31%. This is as a result of a favorable banking environment prevailing in the region. In the recent years, banks analysts in the regions pop the suspense the use of Basel II as it go outing impact the growth and development of the industry. However, the banking sector has different challenges regarding to governance and transparency. This calls for amendments of the structure of banking governance of the banking sector as this get out impact on the growth, and development of the banking industry5. Research question The proposal gives possible solution in Saudis banking system, as it has reluctant corporate banking principles. The sector is deteriorating, as a result of reluctance on the part of the law bodies, leading to neglect of many key principles in banking world. This is evident from the fact that board members are engaging in activities, which compromise their role. Shareholders hold in not been playing their roles because they have been taken up by the management. This calls for change to enhance growth in the sector. Research Objectives The proposal aims at giving suggestions, which will improve corporate banking in Saudi Arabia. This will impact the growth and development of the sector as it will attract investors both locally and in ternationally. The changes will motivate shareholder as they will trust the board members and the management at large. Methodology Corporate governance is an international issue it calls for ideas from all areas of study. The proposal recommends the incorporation of both qualitative and qualitative seek methodologies to enhance the reliability of the results. Detailed enquiry is also significant. Empirical studies will also enhance in designing the most appropriate model of dealing with banking corporate governance in Saudi. Such research includes debates on the same issues in different nations, changes adopted by other nations, as well as, suggestions from bank analysts. Below are some of the areas targets, in the process of changing corporate banking governance. 1. Principles of banking corporate governance It is best(predicate) for the banking sector to adopt the suggestion put forward in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002-2003 in USA, Cadbury Report of 1992 in UK, and the principl es of Corporate Governance of 1998-2004 (OECD). 2. Corporate governance guidance in reference to Asian Policy truncated These are important guidelines put across to hold in that banking in Asia get to another level. It entails different suggestions which will impact on changing corporate governance in Saudi Arabia. 3. Banks board and management should practise their duty in relation to their fiduciary duty This entails the duty of care. The board together with the management should ensure that they respect that duty. They should be keen on ensuring

Sunday, April 28, 2019

Revenues in sports industry Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Revenues in sports industry - Term written report ExampleConsulting company A.T. Kearney states that the sports industry in world(a) scale is prospering, and today the industry is worth close 500-600 USD bn. (which includes sports events like simple games, national competitions, Olympiads etc., infrastructure and constructions, sports products and goods) (Collignon, Sultan, and Santander). Dynamics of sports industry revenues in global scale shows the overall growth of revenues for the past 9 years (table 1) expected revenue in 2014 is 36% more than it was in 2006 (Changing the game. Outlook for the global sports market to 2015). The constituents of Revenues are Gate revenues, Media rights, Sponsorships, and Merchandising (Changing the game. Outlook for the global sports market to 2015) (table 2). According to the structure of revenues, the biggest portion of the total revenues belonged to Gate revenues (34% in 2006). The situation changed in 2014, when Sponsorship took the princ ipal position (31%, which is 1% more than Gate revenues that year). The change of the structure shows that the representatives of other industries use sports industry to progress new markets, gain new customers, increase their own rating among competitors and increase profits.Jonathan Jensen and Anne Hsu prove this with their research, which says that net income at these firms (sponsors) grew faster than at S&P 500 firms in general (7.8% to 6.5% per year) and the top 16 (companies), which worn-out(a) on average $160m a year on sponsorship, saw net income grow by 22.1% annually.

Saturday, April 27, 2019

Reimbursement requirements for billing purposes in the USA healthcare Essay

Reimbursement requirements for billing purposes in the USA healthc atomic number 18 system - Essay ExampleThere are two types of redress answer providers cliquish and presidency. hush-hush insurance is a form of business in force(p) as any other and therefore exist primarily to make profit. They therefore develop assistance bouquets that protect their primary interests of profitability. Government insurance brokers on the other hand obtain their funding from the taxpayers and therefore break away with the sole objective of providing affordable medical checkup insurance to the appropriate citizens. Government therefore provides insurance run to its employees known as civil servants and the poor in the society most of whom cannot afford the cost of private insurance. In both cases, the insured remit a monthly contribution to the run provider for the insurance coverage. On those considered the poor by the giving medication, they remit a small amount of money set by the gove rnment, which the government supplements with money from the treasury. This way, everyone affords high quality medical improvements. Medical insurance services differ in terms of the cover specifications. A feature more prevalent in private insurance government insurers provides uniform services to those it considers unable to afford private services. However, it allows the civil servants to choose from the different service bouquets it outlines on its coverage. The different cover specifications vary in the monthly or annual remittance. The private insurers have high-voltage medical services ensuring that they cover any form of medical condition the more expensive the service is the more comprehensive its specifications become. Additionally, the quality of the services differs depending on both the service providers and the type of service package. Private insurers just as explained are business entities they therefore survive based on the nature of their fundamental interaction with their client base. Such service providers therefore offer quality services as a trade strategy. With a medical insurance cover, one is assured of high quality medical services in case of a condition. However, the insurance service providers regulate the amount of money that one receives for the coverage depending on the service package. Both thee government and the private insurers have a clear demarcation for every service type therefore offer financial coverage up to the level that the service type allows (Green & Rowell, 2013). The government sets the minimal insurance services that everyone in the country should have in a bid to chink that everyone in the country lives a high quality life. Among the most basic coverage, include accidents and recurrent diseases much(prenominal) as tuberculosis among others. By protecting the citizens from such diseases as cancer, among other recurrent diseases, the government ensures that everyone lives a higher quality and longer lives. The medical insurance services cover both inpatient and outpatient medical services depending on the nature of the insurance cover. The service provider explains the types of services included in the service specification thereby allowing for financial remittance accordingly. The insurance service providers deal with the medical institutions often eliminating the customer in their relations. In this case, after accessing medical services, the medical service provider consults the insurer with the patient details. The insurer receives the claim and

Friday, April 26, 2019

Does the British media have significant power Essay

Does the British media have signifi dopet source - Essay ExampleFrom this demonstrate of view, their power in promoting specific semipolitical, mixer and economic trends cannot be doubted however, it should be examined whether this power is commanding or negative. closely of the theorists who studied the specific issue as the relevant literature is presented below agree that the British media can have a key role in the improvement of the local political, social and economic rules and initiatives from this point of view, the specific industry should be characterized not just as a tool for the promotion of the views of the prima(p) political and economic forces but also as a means for securing social equality and fair play it should be also regarded as a tool for criticizing and evaluating the plans of the local government at this point, the value of British media could be significant ensuring the alignment of the governmental decisions with the local laws and moral philosop hy. 2. British media role and power 2.1 British media rendering and role In order to understand the power of media industry in Britain it would be necessary to advert primarily to the characteristics and the role of this industry then, its power could be identified and evaluated taking into consideration the local ethics and culture. In accordance with Stokes et al. (1999) the media industry in Britain is not similar to the media industries of other countries reference is made though not to the content of the status but rather on its potential forms. More specifically, it is explained that in Britain, the term media is used to describe the books, newspapers, television programmes, films and music (Stokes et al. 1999, p.1) however, the content/ texts of British media is unique being related to the kingdoms ethics (Stokes et al. 1999, p.1). This fact, leads to the following assumption in Britain, the role of the media industry in the development of political and social decisio ns can be significant reaching higher levels comp ared to other countries where there is no such close relationship and moveion between the media and the local culture an issue also analyzed in section 2.2 below. A more descriptive definition of media is provided in the study of Oakland (2011) in accordance with the to a higher place researcher the term media may include any communication system by which people are informed, educated or entertained (Oakland 2011, p. 258). The above definition reveals the potentials of media in terms of supporting specific social or political trends moreover, it proves that people of all ages are expected to be influenced by the media being heart-to-heart to the media in different ways either in the context of education, of entertainment or just of schooling/ professional support, as described above. In accordance with Garnett et al. (2007) in order to understand whether the British media interact or not with politics, it would be necessary to explain primarily whether such interaction would be positive or negative referring to its effects on the countrys political framework. In any case, it is historied that the freedom of the British media should be secured no matter whether the information provided to the public is well justified (Garnett et al. 2007, p.62). At the next level, it is explained

Thursday, April 25, 2019

Walmart -Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Walmart -Planning - Essay ExampleOverview of planning Planning is considered to be the first step in doing whateverthing. Planning comprises of a scheduled set of activities and tasks which are pre-defined and resources, cost, material, labor and cartridge clip is also determined in advance for every activity in the planning process. Without planning, there is no set route to fol sm all(prenominal) and everything goes haywire. Chances of discrepancies, inadequacies, risks and gaps increase in the absence of planning process. Planning can retreat the form of short or long term planning. In the former case, planning is not frequently in-depth and focuses on achieving short term monetary benefits. Long term planning is meant to gain strategical utility because all other elements of managing, tickling and organizing are then aligned with that of strategic planning to fulfill desire goals. Wal-Marts vision and mission Wal-Marts successful trading operations are attributed to its cost leadership dodging which has always been focused on its customer (Center for Applied Research 2005). While its vision/mission line of reasoning goes as Wal-Marts mission is to help people save money so they can make it better, its stores slogans also compliment its vision and mission statement which run as Wal-Mart. Always low price. Always. Thus, cost effectiveness and providing products and services at rock bottom prices stand at the core of any planning or managing process at Wal-Mart. Planning at Wal-Mart is a mix of both strategic and day-to-day planning. When we talk of strategic goals, it refer to supplier selection, optimizing on technological inputs, use of automation techniques, software system and other decisions which provide a competitive edge to it. Daily routine planning involves inventory control and management, quality control, distribution systems, et cetera (Goodstein, Nolan & Pfeiffer 1993, p.131). Application of planning process within Wal-Mart Wal-Mart is considered as a value operate company and this value addition is attributed to its strategic planning in operational, tactical and contingency categories. It has always refractory in advance where it wants to go, how and which activities to focus upon to achieve desired objectives. Wal-Marts planning process spans across all of its functions namely store management, finance, human resources, operations, information technology and strategic management. On tactical front, it has always devised plans and elbow room on how to attract customers and stick to its low cost proposition. This is what gives way to its EDLP (Every Day Low Pricing) strategy. In operations side also, Wal-Mart exercises collaborative planning and forecasting relationship (CPFR) with that of its suppliers as it believes that involvement of suppliers in critical decisions helps load costs and improve quality. This way, it is able to extract synergies from that of its partners and develop long term relations with them. From financial perspective, fall apart committee is formed comprising of 3-4 members who meet regularly and discuss issues pertaining to the capital structure, financial status, global policies, acquisitions, investments and annual backing plans. Within strategic planning, the committee also analyzes the basic goals to be achieved and in this respect, reviews its relations with investors, stakeholders, banks, financial institutions and others. unceasing monitoring and check on its dividend policy and annual budgeting process enables undeviated implementation of set plans

Wednesday, April 24, 2019

A Career in Pharmacy Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A Career in Pharmacy - in-person Statement ExampleMy grade point average was surmountlent. In fact, I earned a 3.40 in my studies. The pharmaceutical career is a wonderful way to apply my theoretical knowledge. I can serve well people and I can contribute to the health of my community. I can do this by large(p) advice and by considering the needs of my patients. I am also interested in research and development. My interest in pharmacy is not new. My grade point average was excellent. In fact, I earned a 3.40 in my studies. The pharmaceutical career is a wonderful way to apply my theoretical knowledge. I can patron people and I can contribute to the health of my community. I can do this by magnanimous advice and by considering the needs of my patients. I am also interested in research and development. My interest in pharmacy is not new. Actually, I engender pursued my interest in pharmacy for galore(postnominal) years. At Santa Ana College, for instance, I studied Pharmacy Tech nology. Even before I decided to earn my degree in chemical engineering, I was interested in pharmacy. This demonstrates that I have been interested in the field for many years. I also have prior work last in the field of pharmacy. This work experience has proven to me that this is the field in which I want to contribute. This is my dream. This is not a new desire indeed, I have immersed myself in the field and I have been very successful and well-respected by my supervisors and co-workers. I have demonstrated, through my studies and my work experience, that I will be a good pharmacist. I worked at Albertson/Save-on and Lords Supper Aid Pharmacies for more than one year. I was responsible for multitasking in particular, I was responsible for gathering information, for choice prescriptions, for counting medications, and for communicating with customers, nurses, and other health care professionals. I was very proud that I was considered to be one of the fastest fillers with a minim um amount of errors. I have the theoretical background to excel in the field, I have the practical experience to know that I will commit myself but to the field, and I have the human empathy to understand the significance of the field to my customers.

Tuesday, April 23, 2019

Case Study on Financial Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Case Study on Financial cargon - Essay ExampleThe aim of diversification is to reduce the extreme ups and downs in returns and rather to create a consistent return under different economic and market conditions (McGowan, Collier and Young 1992).There are many different summation classes that are available to an investor when making an investment decision. Depending on the return the investor is spirit at, the time horizons that the investor is expecting to reap the benefits in and also the level of risk the investor is willing to accept, he or she toilette invest in a varying combinations and thus achieve diversification of his or her portfolio. Some of the asset classes that are available to us today are money market funds, bonds funds and equity funds. currency market funds are short- end point debt instruments that are very liquid and flock be born-again to cash easily. Treasury bills and commercial paper fall into this category. The risk of loss is lower and pay higher(pr enominal) yields than deposit accounts. Bond funds on the other hand pay a regular income, cause a daylong maturity period and the actual income can fluctuate during economic upturns and downturns since it is for a longer period of time than the money market funds, however they are relatively safer than equity funds. Equity funds yield much higher returns than both money market and bonds funds however they can be very volatile in the short term and cause havoc in a portfolio. accordingly it is advisable to invest in them for long-term gain rather than short term gain. Diversification can be further classified into geographic, industry and style diversification as well. By this it is meant that we can shift our portfolios by equity, bonds and money market funds from different regions and countries - which is known as geographic diversification. Sector or industry diversification is investing in equity and bonds from different industries instead of sticking to one particular propo sition industry. Style diversification is investing in a portfolio that has instruments that have short term and long term yields or under valued and over valued stocks or all (Adair, Berry and McGreal 1994).The Addendum gives a detailed description of the different diversification strategies that can be used by an individual when compounding two classes of assets and gives an indicative calculation of how risk and rewards are leveraged under each strategy by unspoiled changing the weight given to the different

Monday, April 22, 2019

Cecilia Penifader Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Cecilia Penifader - Essay ExampleInstead, Cecilias life shows that women had agency, and that the peasant classthose who workactu eachy were not exclusively powerless and in thrall to the other two lands.Traditional medieval wisdom held that there were tether different estates, or social classes of peck. These were those who pray, those who fight, and those who work. These three parts of society were all needed to keep the all in all thing running smoothly. In this model, those who prayed and those who fought were the social classes which had all the power. Those who fought were the ones who kept everybody safe from invaders, and those who prayed kept people spiritually safe and away from Hell, which was a big concern in the medieval period. Because of this, both of these important estates were the ones which took all the money and power for themselves.The third estate was those who worked, which consisted of peasants and farmers and other people who did not pray or fight. This estate was traditionally understood to not have any power at all, and be completely at the mercy of the praying and fighting estates. They usually were the ones who held up the whole society, though, because without their work the richer estate classes could not survive. An example of this is the manorial system, which was devised as a profit-making mechanism for its owners, the noble or royal people (Bennett 30). In this system, the manor owners would assimilate the money that the workers created through harvesting and processing the grains.The other way in which medieval societies separated people into different types was through gender. It was a world that clearly and firmly distinguished between fe manlike and male (Bennett 115). Women and men both had distinct roles that they were supposed to carry out, without any overlap. In this model women were meant to deal with

Sunday, April 21, 2019

Financial Institutions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Financial Institutions - Essay lawsuitAs pecuniary institution involves services of many people, it is hard to manage everything appropriately. Sometimes, due to some pitying errors, wrong entropy is stored in the records which then create problems for the managers and regulators of the institutions. Due to the increasing use of computer and technology, data is sometimes hacked or corrupted which then results in wrong approximation of assets and capital.Unfortunately, monetary institutions also heart troubles due to the disloyalty of their employees. In some cases, these employees reveal the private data of the institutions or get involved in stealing or bribery. Due to the lack of skills, sometimes employees make mistakes in even entering the elaborate of the customer in the records, which then create huge problems for the institution (Operational Risk, 2008).Financial institutions are amongst the most modulate sectors in the world. They operate in an extremely regulated env ironment and follows laws and regulations very strongly. The reasons behind regulating financial institutions areThe operations of financial institution involve money transactions and valuable possessions of its clients and thus they strike to be highly protected. The regulators of financial institution ensure its customers for the security of their belongings as any upon to these things would not only result in the financial loss of the institution but would also adversely affect its image in the world market.As technology is improving day by day, regulators of financial institutions need to monitor it closely so that they would be able to adopt it accordingly and become the course setters. This can have a positive impact on their business and would also help in efficient storage of data and information. Financial institutions require very efficient ways of storing data as the operations of financial institutions rely mainly on the information of the

Black hawk down lessons learned pertaining to the Army's 5 logistics Essay

Black vend down lessons learned pertaining to the Armys 5 logistics characteristics - Essay ExampleIndeed, the true meaning of disciple among the forces is that the military is well structured with programs and regulations. For instance the military has manuals and policies that regulate all that they do from the barracks to the offices to operations. One outstanding indemnity that regulates the militarys operations is what is cognize as logistics. Logistics in the literary world may be said to be the availability of resources but in the military, logistics is the process of planning and executing force alimony in support of military operations (Global Security Organization, 2001). This essay looks at an influential component of logistics known as logistics characteristics. The paper shall review what constitutes logistics characteristics, the importance of logistics characteristics and lessons learned from the Armys five logistics characteristics in intercourse to specific mil itary and global events such as the famous Black Hawk Down. Components of Logistics Characteristics and how they relate to the FM 100-5 The Field Manual, commonly referred to as the FM is an important component of military operation in find basic how-tos. ... 2-0). This means that once the military is out there to keep peace, they mandate involves an entire composite process of getting procedures achieved and thus operating within certain means and environment. During most of these operations, resources are not always in abundance for the day-to-day activities of the military. However this is no exc habit for operations not to think place. In the event of scarcity of resource, the armys logistics characteristics come to play with the philosophy that scarce resources expect logistics operations to be efficient, not wasteful (Global Security Organization, 2011). When resources are well handled, logistics operations become both(prenominal) effective and efficient and the fundamen tals of operation as stated in the FM 100-5 become achieved. Logistics characteristics are well organized into five components, which are briefly discussed below. Anticipation The FM 100-5 notes that the responsibility of ensuring successful use of logistics depends on the corps logicians. Once the corps logistician is said to be pursue anticipation, it is expected that the corps logistician becomes highly proactive rather than reactive. Just as the logistics characteristics mentions anticipation as the need for the logistician to see ahead into the future, the FM 100-5 talks about intelligence gathering, stating that officers and leaders gather intelligence to pretend advance warning and anticipate likely enemy courses of action (p. 2-6). A proactive logistician should be in the position of seeing into the future in the management of logistics. Without such a characteristic, the logistician is going away likely to fail the entire team in the sense that they

Saturday, April 20, 2019

Org behavior Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Org behavior - Assignment ExampleThis concept has its pros and cons at the very(prenominal) time, while usually organizations would try to be the donor than receptor since it is based on considerable settlement on the different organization, on the other hand this concept allows using of resources and hence more options and possibilities of exploring attainable new domains. This can possibly come in form of establishment of ventures and collations amongst different business partners and approximately organizations tend to increase their impact on the others and aim to contribute more than consume.2-Explain the differences between centralization and decentralisation and between standardization and vulgar adjustment. What factors determine the ability to strike a balance between these mechanisms? in that location can be broadly two salutees towards steering the organization and its helm of affairs. While the centralized approach relies on the concentration of power and authori ty, usually to the top rank management. In such cases, the high ups in a given organization have control over the decisions, the dealings and negotiations conducted. In a alter approach, the balance of power is relatively even, and is not concentrated in one segment of the organization.Both the mutual adjustment and standardization fall under the umbrella of coordination, control and proper seduceing(a) within an organization and by the organization. The mutual adjustment entails to the working in group concept and sharing of load. The prime compulsion of mutual adjustment is based on effective communication and acceptance and appreciation of efforts by the team members or other stake holders involved in a venture undertaken.Standardization on other hand is the setting of criterion based on the principles high productivity and effective and professional working environment. In such a case standardization can be focused on the work processes, the output desired and the other fact ors that

Friday, April 19, 2019

Globalization of Production Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words

Globalization of production - Essay Examplethe skilled labors in US give experienced a steady increase, fleck that of the less skilled workforce have more or less stagnated or in rough case, have been reduced. The inequality in the increasing mesh has risen as more avocation has been happened with the commencement wage countries. The effect of the take on the wages cannot be identified easily as any(prenominal) other intensive shocks have also been occurred to the markets at same time. For an instance, the initiation of the information technology seems to tack together the demand for the skilled labor and had allowed the organizations to remove number of jobs performed by less skilled workforce. In absence seizure of clear indication, associating both wages and trade, a number of researchers have attributed the growth in skilled wage gap towards the technological change. In usual, a considerable fraction of the increase in the world trade since 1970s has adopted the trade from in the immediate inputs. In particular, the rise in the world trade would take the form of foreign outsourcing. Some instances are also there the leading shoe manufacturing business Nike outsources the production of the footwear to the organizations in Asia. Dell outsources the production of both the peripheral devices as well as the components which brighten up the personal computers to the suppliers across the globe. Asia Pacific is a neighborhood of several contrasts. The entire region has accomplished unparalleled growth as well as development in the recent decades. However, the general scenario seems to hide a great economic diversity, development experiences as well as challenges. Asia is growingly carrying out a role of an international growth pole and is emerging as a hub for the information technology and manufacturing across the world economy and that too in a greater pace. Despite of... This paper says that in the new(a) times the worldwide markets are integrated in almost every respect. This integration is not honest limited to exchange of goods and services rather it has extended to interlinked financial markets like stock market and silver market. This process of globalisation has undoubtedly yielded positive results for the overall economy. The integration of the trading activities across the globe has enabled the consumers to design the commodities that may not be indigenously produced. Other than this various multinationals have established their operations in countries other than their base country. By way of this the host country is not just able to make use of the commodities in fact it also opens up a variety of opportunities for the host country much(prenominal) as higher employment opportunities, improved standard of living, improved business outlook, better infrastructural opportunities etc. However, these opportunities have also necessitated establishing a set of global laws for the regulation of the cross-border activities .This report approves that all the countries already have their profess set of national laws for regulating the domestic businesses but the concept of globalisation has made it important to reflect a set of global standards for the internationally operating businesses. Since the countries are now engaged in abroad businesses it is important that they adhere to a global system. An international framework will promote better transaction by minimising the conflicts between two countries and will lead to overall economic prosperity.

Thursday, April 18, 2019

Managing Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Managing transplant - Essay ExampleCustomers tend to prefer those sell stores which serve them quick. Although, ASDA is one of the largest UK sell organisation, but the investigate has revealed that nodes provoke to wait longer at ASDA as compared to Waitrose and Sainsburry (Mirror, 2006). ASDA is at the third number in the UK retail industry on the basis of customer waiting snip. This situation is a serious issue for any(prenominal) retail organisation. The solicitude of ASDA should take considerable banners in order to reduce the customer waiting time and to make sure that the company has lowest possible customer waiting time in the UK retail industry. For this purpose, the counselling has to change some of the working standards and procedures and along with this has to incorporate new technologies. This change is important in order to provide the customers with valuable shopping experience and make sure that there is high customer satisfaction. This in turn ordain faci litate the organisation in the surgical procedure of attracting more customers and retaining the latest ones, gum olibanum increasing the customer base. In order to incorporate this change it is first important to measure the current performance, set new standards for the performance and compare the current performance with the new standards. For this reason, the management of ASDA has to first measure the current queuing time and set the new queuing time. ... To consolidate improvements and produce still more change 8. To get off new approaches The management of ASDA has to first communicate to the employees the importance of this decision and the implications for the whole organisation. Secondly, the organisation will have to identify and formulate a group of people who can lead the change process. Their organisation will have to come up with a proper vision which should be communicated to the employees and the employees should have the required say-so in order to take the ne cessary steps. The organisation will have to create short experimental condition milestones and wins and work on required improvements. Apart from this the organisation should enforce a system of proper watch and monitoring for the continuous improvement. There are several internal and external factors which will either take hold the change or resist the change. It is important for the organisation to incorporate the appropriate change management strategies in order to minimise the negative forces and enhance the positive forces (Markovic, 2008). One major element in the process of change management is in regard to the management of the opposition. Most of the changes or transformation fails because of the increasing resistor (Atkinson, 2005). It is importance for the organisation to manage the resistance effectively and efficiently. In this particular case the high resistance will be from the employees of the retail organisation. In order to reduce the resistance on the part o f the employees, the management of the organisation should involve them in the process and implement the method of participatory communication (Russ, 2008). Apart from this the management of ASDA should also start the training and development program for the employees

Wednesday, April 17, 2019

American government shutdown Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

American giving medication block - Essay ExampleIn the event that the gap of funding stays for a long time, the truth requires that about government officials be laid off so as to address the emergency activities and services. During the government fund strain, the projects which are funded by law other than things like the social security are resile to be equaled. All the activities that rely on the annual appropriation funds get affected with the bloodline of the congress to approve the funding of such annual appropriation (United States, 1999). The shutdown may not affect all the segments of the government. However, sometimes it may affect all the government operations depending on what the congress has glum down. For instance, during the time of Carter and Fords governing, there were gaps of funding that caused six partial shutdowns that affected only the departments of education, welfare, and labor. This was utile for around 18 days and what was causing the controversy was the federation abortion funding. During the administration of Reagan, there was some nominal shutdown. This was so especially when funding measures were under discussion to take care of government plans and priorities. During the administration of Bush, there was also a shutdown which lasted for a weekend and was resolved later on a Monday morning. During the Clinton administration, there was a shutdown that lasted for between 5 to 21 days due to the United States calculate deficit. This was the most severe shutdown in the history of America. The massive congressional gain of the conservative was the moderateness and the cause of this historic shutdown. In 2013, there was yet another government shutdown which was created by a minor conflict of interest. This was caused by the dispute between the proponents and opponents of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care displace which is famously known as the Obamacare. The republicans did this purposefully in the house of senate as well as in the house of representatives to delay the

Tuesday, April 16, 2019

Decentralisation Advantages and Limitations of Decentralization Essay Example for Free

decentralization Advantages and Limitations of Decentralization shew decentralisation of role is another concept closely related to centralisation. The delegation of business office by an individual manager is closely related to organizations Decentralisation of pledge.Decentralisation of authority means witting/systematic effort to bring dispersal (spreading) of decision making power to the visit levels of the make-up. In decentalisation, precisely broad powers will be reserved at the top level. Such powers include power to plan, organise, set and control and maximum powers will delegated to the authority at the lower level. Decentralisation is just opposite to centralisation. to a lower place centralisation, authority is mostly concentrated at the top level management. Centralisation and decentralization atomic number 18 in return dependent. In a large Organisation, the process of centralisation and decentralisation co-exist and reinforce each other.Decentralisat ion is a natural study when the Organisation grows large and complex. Here, centralisation of management is neither possible nor desirable. The only virtual(a) solution is to divide the Organisation into decision-making units and giving the powers to take routine neverthelessts of decisions in regard to the functioning of those units. This is decentralisation in practice. In decentralisation, systematic efforts are being made to delegate to the lowest levels all authority except that which can only be exercised at the central points.Decentralisation is delegation not from champion individual to another but delegation to all units in an Organisation. A company is said to be exceedingly decentralized, when the delegation is company-wide in all functions and divisions of the company and also for a wide range of governance and responsibilities. Decentralisation is different from centralisation as in centralisation, the decision making power is in the change state force of one person only. We observe much(prenominal) centralisation in sole trading concerns. It is also celebrated that centralisation is one feature of traditional management in India while decentralisation is a radiation pattern practice under professional management.Definitions of DecentralisationAccording to Henry Fayol, Everything that goes to increase the importance of the subordinates role is decentralisation, everything that goes to reduce it is centralisation. According to Louis Allen, decentralisation refers to the systematic effort to delegate to the lowest levels all authority except that which can only be exercised at central point. This definition makes it clear that even in decentralisation, delegation to the lowest levels is not complete as the basic functions in the management process are centralized.Advantages / Importance of Decentralization1. Decentralisation helps to mitigate the quality of decisions/decision-making at the top level management Decentralisation of auth ority among other executives at all levels in the Organisation relieves the top executive of the excessive event saving his valuable time, which he can devote to more important and long-term problems. This is bound to improve the quality of his decisions regarding such problems.2. Decentralisation facilitates diversification of activities It is a matter of common experience that an Organisation with departmentation on the basis of products facilitates diversification of products or market even when the authority is centralized. Decentralisation takes this process a bill further. Managers of semi-autonomous product divisions are able to utilise their skills and experienced judgment. This has a bearing on their products and the market. The enterprise also attains maximum possible growth. Decentralisation is beneficial when new product lines or new activities are introduced in an Organisation. Such policy creates self sufficient units under overall co-ordination of top level managem ent.3. Decentralisation encourages phylogeny of managerial personnel Most companies find lack of managerial talent as a hold in factor in their growth. A company cannot expand effectively beyond the scope and abilities of its managerial personnel. capable managers, however, can be developed only by giving managerial jobs to suitable persons and delegating them the authority to make important decisions. Such wide exposure gives them opportunity to grow and to have self development for higher positions. The more talented and capable persons will learn and improve and qualify themselves for higher managerial positions. Only a decentralized Organisation can offer such opportunities to future managers without involving additional expenditure. A decentralized Organisation also allows its managers adequate freedom to try new ideas, methods or techniques. In brief, decentralisation creates a team of competent managers at the disposal of the company.4. Decentralisation improves motivatio n Research conducted by complaisant scientists has proved that the Organisation structure itself exercises some influence on the motivation of the people working indoors it. An Organisation structure which facilitates delegation, communication and participation also provides greater motivation to its managers for higher productivity. Decentralized Organisation structure is most favorable for raising the morale and motivation of subordinates which is visible through better work performance.5. Decentralisation makes decision-making fast and better Since decisions do not have to be referred up through the hierarchy, quicker and better decisions at lower levels can be taken. Divisional heads are motivated to make such decisions that will create the maximum profit because they are held responsible for the effect of their decisions on profits. Thus decentralisation facilitates quick and result-oriented decisions by concerned persons.6. Decentralisation provides opportunity to learn b y doing Decentralisation provides a ordained climate where there is freedom to make decisions, freedom to use judgment and freedom to act. It gives practical cookery to middle level managers and facilitates management development at the enterprise level.Limitations of Decentralization1. Decentralisation may runway to the problem of co-ordination at the level of an enterprise as the decision-making authority is not concentrated.2. Decentralisation may move to inconsistencies (i.e. absence of uniformity) at the Organisation level. For example, uniform policies or procedures may not be followed for the same type of work in different divisions.3. Decentralisation is costly as it raises administrative expenses on account of sine qua non of trained personnel to accept authority at lower levels. Even the services of such highly paid manpower may not be utilised fully, particularly in small government activitys.4. basis of decentralisation may be difficult or may not be practicable in small concerns where product lines are not broad enough for the creation of autonomous units for administrative purposes.5. Decentralisation creates special problems particularly when the enterprise is facing number of uncertainties or emergency situations. The decision-making process gets delayed and even correct decisions as per the changing situations may not be possible.Decentralization Is Not An Unmixed approvalThe advantages of decentralisation are more significant as compared to its limitations. The limitations suggest possible problems relating to decentralisation. Efforts should be made to knead these problems. It is certainly not desirable to have centralisation (in place of decentralisation) only because of certain limitations. However, to what extent the organisation should be decentralized is a delicate issue. Here, certain factors such as size of the organisation and the abilities of lower level managers need careful consideration.

Monday, April 15, 2019

Economics of Education Essay Example for Free

Economics of Education EssayThis project, critically reviews the obtains of revenue enhancement at Kinondoni municipal a yen with the budgetary allotment to unoriginal rearingal firmament. It provides the major sources of revenue which include Central Government revenue, ring stemma (Donors) and Local brass revenue which constitute revenue from city service levy, property tax, denote and bill boarding fees, compensation revenue, and cost sharing. It identifies that education is the priorities to which the council does consider much in allocating their funds.The project reveals the minimize on the system of financing education as an essential and critical kind of investment in developing countries peculiarly Tanzania. It has shown its signifi sightces with respect to running the system (government) in general. The significances give the stand to which the Government should consequence into consideration on allocating funds in secondary educational department.More ove r the project has identify the objectives for analyzing the sources of revenue and educational budgetary storage allocation. These objectives have been stated in such a way that, it shows the directory as guidelines for reaching targeted goal(s) for sustainable development.Nevertheless, case study method and documentary review as well as interview techniques were employed. The data have been analyzed using tables and figures.1.0. Introduction and Background.Kinondoni municipal is located in Dar es Salaam City in Tanzania. It is b influenceed by Indian Ocean to North East, Ilala Municipal to the South, Bagamoyo drift to the North, Kibaha District to the West and Kisarawe District to the South West. The Municipal has number of matters and operate to be through with(p)/ provided to the community. Among others universe education, health services, road construction and maintenances, water services, urban agriculture, power and energy supply and others of alike. All these services n eed money to run in in effect(p) way so that, the community members could appreciate the fill of the government for their well-being.The Municipal has vision and Mission which the study was interested with, to check out whether argon skilful worded or argon real in practical terms. The study eyed particularly to its Mission teaching Provision of quality services to the community through effective and efficient use of resources, capacity building, high-priced governance and rule of law hence improve the living standard of people.The project (study) was done at this Municipal to identify the sources of revenue for the Municipal to curter and serve the community effectively and efficiently. Another nominate was to check out, how the Municipal allocate its funds (Revenue) to secondary educational sector.A source of revenue is a critical problem in running several activities to an individual, family, community and national level respectively. Moreover, despite the scarceness of f und (resources) in servicing the community, there is a problem on proper plans and allocating the present resources in optimal manner. Thus, the wise decisions on how to use the present resources in its scarcity is very important particularly for developing countries like Tanzania.Another aspect towards this study (project) was to determine the way the sources of revenue are collected. On this activity, it is the point at which monitoring of revenue collection should be taken into consideration for effective performance. Furthermore, this act needs humanitarian aspiration than personal essence so that, the fruits will be for the community as large.There are two significances of doing this project. First was to determine the sources of revenue to the Municipal in order to image the position of Municipal and the Government in general in its strengths and weaknesses so as to address recommendations to be taken for better performance in future.Second was to assess the allocation of th e funds in secondary educational sector. From this, allocation of fund will realize the choices for most of the councils in Tanzania and the way investment aspects are taken into account especially educational investment, hence improvements to be made in a long run.The objectives of this project were as followsi) To determine the sources of revenue for Kinondoni Municipal.ii) To assess the budget allocation to Secondary educational sector in Kinondoni Municipal.The project presents variant literature reviews in respective to the study (project). The literature review is broadly speaking on sources of revenue, financing systems, administration, roles of the state and recommended suggestions.Galabawa (1985, p. 1) claimed that, Tanzanias plan for extending educational opportunities and improving the quality of education are often hampered by the limited resources to educational industry. This realizes that, the problem resources in provision of education in Tanzania is a problem that exists and needs a solution on how to go about in order to reduce the burden from the government to ensure more educational opportunities and improve the quality of education.More fury on quality of education has been described by Michaelowa. The author tried to identify the areas which need to be checked to ensure that are taken into considerations for the consequences in anyhow. The author argued that, The number of days teachers are bump off from school (ABSENCE), and teachers self reported job satisfaction (MOTIVATION) have significant coefficients of the expected negative and peremptory sign respectively (Michaelowa, 2001, p. 1707).If the education industry is running short of resources to improve access and quality of education, and if the answerable persons needs to be motivated for effective teaching, means this industry need to be financed. The financing can be determined by number of factors as quoted from the article that, The policies of financing education in any country reflect the countrys ideology. Although Tanzanias education policies emphasized quality of opportunity and access, they in like manner vary from environment prevailing at specific time (Galabawa, 1994, p. 37)This literature review has contributed much on this project since objectives stated can be revealed particularly on sources of revenue. According to Galabawa (2007, p. 3), There are various sources of education revenue. These sources can be divided into four broad categories Fiscal sources ser charges including various forms of cost recovery and cost sharing student loan when constituted as a revolving fund which generates income out of which loans are offered to students and various forms of community contributions.The fiscal sources include general taxes earmarked taxes taxes on With regards to education as an investment, and sources of educational revenue, the government has to play its role for sustainable development Galabawa (2007, p. 2) portrayed that, The price of education can, therefore be influenced by the government decision which impinge on issues of supply of education services the allocation and distribution of resources amongst different levels or different courses the choice between different methods of financing education and student keep back or even between different methods of schooling.Therefore, this clarifies the position of the Government in provision of education in the country to assure access and proper allocation of funds in different sectors. stead salaries and sales and different types of levies.For all matters being discussed concerning sources of revenue, educational revenue, budgetary allocation and the role of the government on educational investments and other sector, to have sustainable implementation of plans and to build capacity on fund management, accountability, effective audit and formula funding to generate consistent and reliable disbursements should be taken into consideration for sustainable devel opment.Besides literature review, case study was employed during the project. The study was done in Kinondoni Municipal. Therefore purpose-built sampling technique was utilise.The project had two variables namely, dependent variable which is budget allocation, and independent variable which is source of revenue. With these variables the hypotheses of this project were as follows(i) There is a significant relationship between sources of revenue and budget allocation in secondary educational sector (Alternative hypothesis).(ii) There are no basic criteria guiding for sources of revenue and budget allocation in secondary educational sector (Null hypothesis).Field visit, discussion and interview.The list of tools used to collect information and guide the field interview and discussion were documentary review and Interview. The targeted personnel were Municipal economist and territory secondary educational officer these were obtained using purposeful sampling in order to get correct i nformation. The documentary review involved reviewing various documents concerning sources of revenue and general allocation (budget) of the fund to secondary educational sector. Also an interview was conducted in brief way with the Municipal economist and district secondary educational officer. The interview was basically on the way they get fund for running the Municipal to curter and serve the community. Moreover, the questions on what are the major criteria for allocating the fund and challenges they face on all matters concerning sources of revenue and allocation of fund in general were asked.

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass Essay Example for Free

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass EssayIn the contain, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Douglass chronicles his slave life during the mid 1800s. By informing his readership of the realities and cruelties of slavery, Douglass seeks to persuade northeasternerners to give way involved in the abolitionist give noticement. He accomplishes this conclude by delivering his message without the aggregate of the book slavery is malign to all(prenominal) participants with the effective utilization of ethos, logos, and condolence.The trio works to support his thesis, and this support thusly aids Douglass overall purpose. Although each of the literary argumentative devices is effective, the most powerful component is pity, which is a quality that evokes benignity or sadness. Unlike ethos or logos, pathos speaks directly to the readers, in this case the North, and profoundly influences their emotions and thoughts on the fill in of slaver y. Therefore, pathos is the most effective strategy in Douglass tarradiddle because it accomplishes the authors purpose by sufficiently delivering his message, through the manipulation of emotions to Northern readers.Ethos is without a doubt an apparent strategy throughout Douglass communicatory in particular, the entire book is ethos. Douglass life was, at the time, living proof of the cruelties of slavery. He takes advantage of this fact in his narrative and describes almost every detail, being sure to leave out names whom he did not intend to offend or embarrass, and brings to reality the treatment of slaves in the 1800s. In addition, Douglass incorporates origins to the Bible, often relating slaves lives to peoples lives in Biblical times. For example, My friend Nathan Johnson (of whom I can say with a grateful copt, I was hungry, and he gave me midpoint I was thirsty, and he gave me drink I was a stranger, and he took me in). This is a reference to Matthew 2535, which disc usses the importance of caring for others, even strangers.Douglass includes this passage to compare Nathan Johnson to a humble, selfless man that would care for anyone. Furthermore, the reference supports Douglass credibility as an educated man of God and a reliable non-fiction author. Just because he was at a time a slave, ignorant of freedom and all its blessings, including education, it did not stop him from brilliantly writing his narrative through which he sufficiently proves his credibility by means of correct grammar, references to the Bible and other highly see pieces of literature, and the simple fact that he was once a slave and therefore contains the most reliable information. However, ethos is not the most effective strategy on his readers it does not support his purpose or content as more as pathos does.Logos is also a strategy used throughout the entirety of the book, simply because it is a narrative of Douglass life, therefore it must be composed of non-fiction oc currences. He includes as much detail as he can, but he leaves out particular names and happenings in install to prevent embarrassment of the individual or even potential consequences. Despite his restrictions, Douglass still includes amazing thoroughness and accuracy. For example, I left Master Thomass house, and went to live with Mr. Covey, on the 1st of January, 1833. He uses three particularised details in one tiny sentence, which just shows the reader his incredible memory and accuracy. Although his precision inwardly the book is rather impressive to the Northern readers, the simple facts do not supply them with Douglass deeper meaning, that slavery is harmful to all participants.Rather, logos gives the readers the direct happenings of his slave life, but it does not reach out to the Northerners emotions, humans flunk and main influence to take action, to the extent pathos does. Pathos is a strategy in argument that aims to draw pity or sadness from the audience or reader, and it is often the most persuasive animal to accomplish a purpose. In Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Douglass uses a generous amount of pathos in order to persuade his Northern readers to become involved in the abolitionist movement. He accomplishes this purpose by including sad incidences he see or experienced himself. For example, Douglass tells the story of his Aunt Hester being punished with a whipping, He commenced to lay on the heavy cowskin, and soon the warm, red bloodcame dripping to the floor.I was so terrifiedthat I hid myself in a closet. This description of the first time he saw someone whipped is drawn out in detail purposefully Douglass wants the reader to engage in the narrative and let his/her emotions drive them toward pity for slaves and hatred of slavery. He includes many other descriptions like this, but they all have the same purpose. Emotion drives many peoples actions, and Douglass wants to persuade his Northern audience t o become active in the abolitionist movement by letting their emotion take over. Pathos also brings out the meaning of the essay by explaining cruel experiences, Douglass includes proof of his meaning, that slavery is harmful to both the slave and the slaveholder.Northerners are persuaded by this meaning and affected by the traumatic incidences in the book, and are driven to involve themselves in the move to abolish slavery. Pathos is therefore the most effective strategy that encourages Northern readers to follow through with Douglass purpose. Douglass utilizes ethos, logos, and pathos in a brilliant way, but it is acceptable to claim that pathos had the largest effect on the readers of the North in the 1800s. While ethos and logos give the author credibility and information to discuss, pathos affects the reader directly.It becomes wordy to hear of straightforward facts, like moving from master to master or plantation to plantation. The readers want to hear of excitement, so when Douglass talks about sad topics, it involves the reader, as well as affects their opinion of slavery. By pickings advantage of pathos and the readers impressionable emotions, Douglass conveys his message and fulfills his purpose, and therefore, pathos is the most effective strategy in his book. workings CitedDouglass, Frederick, and Houston A. Baker. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave. Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England Penguin, 1982. Print.

Saturday, April 13, 2019

Religious and Ethnic Groups Paper Essay Example for Free

Religious and Ethnic Groups write up EssayMahayana Buddhism is considered to be a progress or illusion of the highest power which is referred to as Buddha. They also moot that there has been many Buddhas on earth and in the whole universe.There are 3 bodies (forms) of Buddha 1, torso of essence. The indescribable, impersonal absolute reality, or ultimate truth that is nirvana (infinite bliss). 2, Body of bliss or enjoyment, Buddha as divine, deity, formless, celestial spirit with saving power of grace, omnipotence. 3, body of transformation or emanation. An illusion or emanation in humane form provided by the divine Buddha to guide humans to enlightenment. Anyone can achieve Buddha bonnet and those who choose this path to help others to become liberated are worshipped as gods or saints to some.Mahayana Buddhists accept that when you die, one becomes selflessness resulting in ultimate bliss known as the deathless state and doesnt turn over in literal rebirth. They extin guish themselves from all worldly cravings, desires and attachments, through loving- kindness, compassion, charity, moral conduct, wisdom and meditation.Mahayana Buddhism deferrers from many religions. Christianity macrocosm one. Christians believe that there is only one god (not several) and there is life after death in heaven where all is good. Jesus is Gods son who was sent to earth by god to become human and live amongst us which was in human form. Hinduism is a dominate religion of the Indian subcontinent.When I see of Buddhism I think a foreign religion from other country but there in America and many other countries. As a matter of fact, Buddhism is one of the largest religions in the United States succeeding(a) Christianity, Judaism and nonreligious and close to being equal with Islam and Hinduism. Most Buddhism are Asian Americans. Its estimated there are roughly 1.2 one thousand million and 40% of them live is Southern California.The Mahayana Buddhist are not suppose d to discriminate and usually they stock true to that if they are a TRUE Buddhist. Thats not to say that Americans dont discriminate against them. In February 2011 the Lao-Buddhist Association try to open a temple in Olathe Kansas but was denied. Residents said that the location was zoned for residential only. Christian churches are located in residential neighborhoods all over the country so Buddhists are saying its inconsistency against their religion.Another instant of diversity on them took place in Southern California. Buddhist wanted to erect in a worship center but the government rejected it and said there isnt replete room but later built a mall there. The Buddhist people sued them saying it was discrimination on their religion. In America we have the right to express our religion but the government and diagonal people are making that amendment more and more difficult for some religions.Before I researched this religion, I knew nothing about it or the people. I know ha ve a much better collar what they believe in and how they live. They are a very peaceful and caring religion and people should be educated about them before they judge them.Part 2 Racial/ethnic groupsI chose Latino and Latino descend. Hispanics differ from white people in many different ways. Their way of life, language, and all around culture. They take care to get singled out by many races due to the overwhelming illegal entry into the states. It doesnt seem to matter it they are here illegally or not, they are all looked at the same by certain people.They are stereo typed all the time for stealing jobs and collecting welfare not to list healthcare. A lot of them are working in the states under the table and sending the majority of their coin earned back to their families in Mexico. The money made is not spent here to help attain our economy.Hispanics are discriminated against often. I think Americans feel like they are paying a lot in taxes to help them financially when the y shouldfocus the help on legal Americans that actually pay their taxes. Employment is another reason behind the discrimination. In the landscape, nursery and construction trade, they seem to be taking over a lot of these positions because its cheaper labor but it still takes work away from legal Americans.After researching this topic I have learned that Hispanics have too many sources that are offered to them when legal Americans could use it more since we knock off our money here in taxes.Comparing my racial and religious groups I can see how they are somewhat similar. Both struggle to find a place where they can be accepted.http//www.beliefnet.com/Faiths/Buddhism/Galleries/What-Do-Mahayana-Buddhists-Believe.aspx?b=1p=10 http//prezi.com/onqasvrjg9ey/discrimination-against-buddhism/

Friday, April 12, 2019

Career Portfolio Essay Example for Free

Career Portfolio EssayStatement of legitimacyThis is to confirm that this is the portfolio of Phalisha Stevens. It contains information detailing his education background, work experience and skills. This document should not be copied either in full or part without prior authority from Genevieve Allen.Personal Mission StatementTo escort for a demanding spotlight where I can productively drill my rigid knowledge of growing in medical practice management including physician contracting, utilization review, and quality self-reliance systems. I would also desire to lead with my experience in Revenue Cycle, production line Management, node Service, Administrative and/or Program Management, public Health, Program concepts, Policy and procedure implementation, compliance training, and financial assessments for the good of the organization. Elevator SpeechI am hardworking and self-motivated individual with hands on experience and cross functional expertise in exploitation in medical practice management including physician contracting, utilization review, and quality dominance systems ability to translate efficient, timely and accurate results. Have studied and hold in-depth understanding of Business Administration, utilization review, and quality assurance systems, I have been commended for glorious in performance, and outstanding experience in Revenue Cycle, Business Management, Customer Service, Administrative and/or Program Management, Public Health, Program concepts, Policy and procedure implementation, compliance training, and financial assessments. My purpose is to become a valuable corporate asset by providing within a challenging and honour environment and to contribute effectively to organizational success.Education BackgroundDevry University, BSBABachelor of Science in Business Administration In Process May 2015 3.18 GPAResumeGenevieve Allen4549 Dix St NE Washington, D.C. 20019 (425)emailprotectedTo look for a demanding position in a cha llenging work environment where I can productively apply my strong knowledge of development in medical practice management including physician contracting, utilization review, and quality assurance systems for the good of the organization. Devry University, BSBABachelor of Science in Business AdministrationSupervisor/Bartender/Server- Rookies Sports Bar and radiator grille 6/2013-Current Seattle, WA, General Manager Joni Moriarty (Reference)(206) 722-0301 Overlooking communications and duties of the staveAllocating proper tip out amounts to staffBatching sales and depositing correct cash sale amounts daily, also responsible for handling cash banksInventory of enliven and ingredients for the bars nightly productionCreating and severing cocktails to all customers in the restaurantWorking tumefy with owner, and taking directions and instructions when needed.Updating P.O.S. system when necessaryServer- Sunset Alehouse7/2010-10/2011_9/2012-6/2013 Issaquah, WA, Supervisor Stephanie gr oss salesman (Reference)(425) 391-8395Always maintain excellent customer service skills.Working well with co-workers, managers, and owners.Communicating properly, as well as resolving whatsoever conflicts with guests, co-workers, kitchen, and or managers. Tipping out bussers and bartenders as well as correctly reporting tips upon each shift completion. Sales Associate-Once Upon a Time On Queen Anne11/2011-9/2012 Bellevue and Seattle, WA, Owner Janelle McCrackin (Reference)(206) 284-7260Always maintaining excellent customer service skills.Staying updated and well-educated with the hundreds of products.Taking care of invoices, inventory, new products, and pricing. upbringing new employees, as well as creating daily schedules. retentivity stores organized at all times.Dealing with special orders for customers.Working well with owner, co-workers, and customers.Professional Development and TrainingAwards and AccomplishmentsVolunteer HistoryVolunteer Youth Services Manager American Red CrossCarrer development program-City Help, Inc.Professional AffiliationAffiliate member of AHIMAAffiliate member of AAPCCareer PathMy first form goal is to graduate from Devry University with Bachelor of Science in Business Administration.My two year go is to apply and be a manager of a resort.My five year goal it to find and be in a Property management position where I can use my skills, knowledge and expertise to alter value creation and develop my skills further.Work SamplesRefereesReferencesPiotrowski, K. (2008). The career cowards guide to resumes Sensible strategies for overcoming job search fears. Indianapolis, IN JIST Works.

Wednesday, April 10, 2019

Civil Unions and Same-Sex Marriages Essay Example for Free

well-bred Unions and Same-Sex Marriages EssayQuestions about morality, family relationships, license of expression, and sexuality be at stake in the gay wedding ponder. The main argument of the fall out of same sex wedlock is how much we should allow the g everyplacenment to control in issues wish well marriage in our private lives. At Issue Gay Marriage, which is a book written by Debra Miller in 2012, includes a broad spectrum of views on the subject. One of the biggest issues in the gay marriage debate is the meaning of the separation of church and reconcile in the linked States. Some organizations and churches argue that state actualize of same-sex marriage is a breach of their unearthly freedoms which be protected by the US Constitution and if they atomic number 18 forced by laws enacted to include same sex marriages that they atomic number 18 being forced to accept acts that are against their spectral beliefs. In a statement made concerning same sex marriage some religious organizations and churches claimed that homosexual acts go against their religious beliefs and the natural moral law and that they should not be forced to dress marriages that go against their beliefs.Religious organizations say that to legalize homosexual marriage is religious persecution in their eyes. People that extol of gay marriage make the point that marriage is a legal right and a religious right as well because church and the state are separate. Activists argue that homosexual couples have a right to a marriage the same as straightaway couples do. Another point that is called on is that concourse do not have to marry in a church but can do so in a court house as well and that no church or religious organization is bound to marry any couple.They are basically saying that churches are not forced to do anything against their belief system. One side will argue against federal laws that encompass and over rule state laws. Others will argue that each state sho uld be able to make and inflict laws that concern each state as they see fit within their state governmental departments, like those concerning marriage laws. President Bush believed and stated that the voice of the people is being compromised by the actions of a hardly a(prenominal) judges in isolated cases, (President George Bush, 2003).Former President Bush believes that laws like these could threaten every state in the union because of the full faith and credit clause in Article IV of the Constitution, (The United States Constitution, Article III, Section 2, 2013), which requires all states to honor the laws of every other state. President Bush said in an interview that the full faith and credit clause would require all states same-sex marriages performed anywhere in America. Bush, 2003) civilised Unions include heterosexual and same sex unions according to The Department of Internal Affairs, (The Department of Internal Affairs, 2004). Civil Unions differ from marriage becaus e they are entered into by two people who chose to live together as humanness and wife and present themselves to the public and in private this way without an official marriage or marriage license. They consider themselves married but the government, whether state, local, or federal do not.At bingle time heterosexual civil unions were accepted and now are no longer recognized in most states. What this doer is that people with a marriage license issued by the state are guaranteed certain rights, responsibilities, and privileges that people in civil unions are not given. These rights extend to the work place where insurance is guaranteed to a spouse of heterosexuals that are married but not to civil unions between same or opposite sex couples operative in the same place.If same sex marriage and civil unions are both accepted and laws are enacted to approve of them then I believe this opens the doors to many other types of behaviors in the future that will do more harm than good to our society. These behaviors would include the right of an older person to marry a infant for instance or to marry an animal or inanimate object even. We must ask ourselves one question and that is where we are willing to draw the line in our inclusions and amendments to the laws that were written to protect us in the beginning. The more we accept the more we are willing to accept as a society.

Tuesday, April 9, 2019

Apush Midterm Review Essay Example for Free

Apush Midterm Review endeavorA. All classes will have the Causes and Effects of the Mexican War, which has been established in class. B. All classes will have 2 choices for their second try on. 1. One possibility for Essay 2 is Causes and Effects of the French and Indian War. This essay should be structured in 4 paragraphs. The runner paragraph includes background entropy leading up to the difference of opinion and your thesis statement. divides 2 and 3 discuss the causes and effects and paragraph 4 is your conclusion- what happens undermentioned (Revolutionary War). It is a steady-going idea to reiterate your thesis statement as well. 2. A nonher possibility is the Causes and Effects of the Revolutionary War. This essay should be structured in four paragraphs as well. The first paragraph should include background info (such as French and Indian War, end of Salutary Neglect) and your thesis statement. One paragraph should discuss causes and sensation effects. Your four th paragraph is your conclusion what happens next.3. Another possibility is the Strengths and Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. Paragraph one should discuss what happened briefly in advance the A of C and your thesis statement. Paragraph two, the strengths (3 that we discussed brought the country together for the first time, negotiated the end of the Revolutionary War, and the fine-tune Ordinances) and Paragraph 3 the weaknesses (among many- the lack of power to tax, only one branch etc.). Paragraph 4, your conclusion and what happens next (Constitutional Convention). 4. Another possibility is Causes and Effects of the War of 1812. First paragraph is background info and thesis statement. Paragraph 2 is the Causes (impressment, arming Native Americans in the Old Northwest etc.) and Paragraph 3, the Effects (huge surge of nationalism, subject field anthem written etc.).Paragraph 4 is your conclusion and what happens next. 5. Another possibility is to discuss the reforms that came out of the cooperate Great Awakening. This essay can be 4 or 5 paragraphs depending upon how you discuss the reforms. Your first paragraph will discuss background info and thesis statement. The next 2 or 3 paragraphs should discuss the 5 major reforms abolition of slavery, educational reforms, mental health reform, temperance, and womans rights. These paragraphs should include reforms do and the people involved (for instance- Dorothea Dix with mental health). Also discuss whether the reforms actually were realized or just frame up change for the future.Last paragraph should be your conclusion and what happens next. 6. The last possibility is to discuss the marshal Court and the Taney Court. The first paragraph should have background information such as John Jay was first Chief Justice, and your thesis statement. Paragraphs 2 and 3 should discuss the Marshall Court and the Taney Court how they ruled (strong primaeval government for Marshall, states rights for Taney etc .), examples of court cases (Marbury v. Madison, Dred Scott decision- give a minimum of 3 cases for Marshall and 2 for Taney). Paragraph 4 should be your conclusion and what happens next.Your essays need to give specific factual information and be well structured to get full credit. Stay on topic- show your knowledge of the time goal right before the question at hand and what happens as a result of the events discussed. You will not be penalized for spelling errors since this is an in -class writing, but essays should make sense and flow.

Sunday, April 7, 2019

Metaphysics and Realism Proponents St. Essay Example for Free

Metaphysics and world Proponents St. Essay description *Realism may be defined as any philosophical position that asserts 1. The objective founding of the world and beings an it and relatives between these beings independents on hu man knowledge and desires 2. The knowability of these objects as they are in themselves 3. The need for compliance to the objective reality in mans conduct *Realisms an educational philosophy which advocates that education should be concerned with the realities of life and should prepare a person for his/her duties in life. Ontology (Reality) for realism is a world of things.Epistemology (how we know) realists role their senses of observation Axiology of realism (values) is the laws of nature that can be revealed through the application of scientific reason Proponents * pot Milton believe that education must prepare one for life in the real world *Francois Rabelaisadvocated that barely forms of studies be made pleasant, with games and sports be ing utilized toward the physical development of the tyke and for practical development of the child and for practical application later in life.Michael de Montaigneaccording to him, the aim of education, is not to produce scholars and professionals but to prepare a young boy to live the life of a gentleman in the world of affairs toilette Amos Comeniusfirst educator who advocated the use of visual aids in classroom program line Francis Baconaccording to him, knowledge of nature is the only real and fruitful knowledge and should be the basis of all scientific progress. Richard Mulcaster he advocated that all teaching processes should be adopted to the pupils and that the mother tongue or vernacular should be used to instruct pupils sr. 6 to 12.*Wolfgang Ratkeadvocated the use of vernacular as the medium of instruction as the child need no longer learn the language and thus can concentrate wholly on the lesson being studied. *Aristotle is the first of all proponent of realism, as Plato student, had his philosophical beginning rooted in platonic idealism, yet developed his deliver regarding the nature of reality later on. Aristotelian realism proposes that ideas can free float without having intimacy, whereas matter cannot live on without some semblance of form, and this form is independent of mental cognizance.*Religious realism was put forth by Thomas Aquinas in the 13th century stating that true reasoning lies with supreme reasoned-Godand that by positioning our rational minds with his tenets,we too can understand the universe and the nature of reality In more upstart times philosophers such as Francis Baco, John Locke and later G. E. Moore and Ayn Rand forwarded theories regarding moral realism. Political realismproponents were Otto Von Bismarck and Carl Von Clausewitz. check into realism proponents St. Thomas Aquinas and John of Salisburyheld that universals exist only in the mind of God.Implication of Realism AIM The aim of education is to provide the students with the essential knowledge he will need to experience in the natural world. According to John Luis Vives aducation should develop personality Rabelais,was for the development of a whole man Milton believed that education was to prepare for actual living CURRICULUM The realists believe that the most efficient and effective style to find out reality is to study it through organized, separate, and systematically arranged resign matter.This is called the subject matter approach to curriculum which is composed of two basic componentsthe body of knowledge and the appropriate pedagogy to sound in the readiness of the learner. METHODOLOGY The teacher is expected to be skilled in both the subject matter that he teaches and the method of teaching it to students. The school task is primarily on intellectual one. In the elementary level, emphasis is on the development of skills for reading, writing, arithmetic, and study habits In the secondary and collegiate level,students will be required to recall, explain, compare, interpret and make inferences.

Understanding Your Strengths And Weaknesses Essay Example for Free

Understanding Your Strengths And Weaknesses EssayIn a study released, 87% of travelers worldwide atomic number 18 emotionally disconnected from their conk outplaces and ar less likely to be productive making work a source of frustration rather than one of fulfillment. (Gallup, 1993) The statistics illustrate a lack of commitment to breeding and understanding of ones brace got strengths and weaknesses, amongst the population. People need to think about the person they are and where their strengths and weaknesses lie because if they dont stop to consider what theyre swell at and what they need to improve, they depart find themselves in the 87% of the population who dont enjoy what they do. Following this discovery, I undefiled a personality rill on 16Personalities.com that stated my strengths and weaknesses following answering a series of questions, in hopes to have a better understanding to how my strengths and weaknesses play into the role as a paramedic. The personal ity test revealed that I am altruistic, a good team player, possess good communications, but also am too selfless and sensitive these results will give me a better comprehension as to how and wherefore a career as a paramedic is the right fit for me.My strengths of being able to work well in a team setting, having good communication skills and being altruistic will supporter me as a paramedic, while these are essential characteristics to becoming a great paramedic. The test revealed that I am tolerant and reliable, where it explains I excel in team environments where I am able to take care to others, even when their opinions contradict mines and I am irritated by the idea of letting pack down, so I throne be counted on to see any task through. It is important for paramedics to be good team players and be trustworthy because paramedics are often placed situations where they have to work with other people (like the police and firefighters) where we have to trust each other and wo rk well together in a situation whereby we are forced to rely to a great extent possibly for our own well-being, and eitherone else on scene.The test also showed that I instinctively know how to capture an audience, and pick up on wit and motivation in ways that cede them to communicate with reason, emotion, passion, restraint whatever the situation calls for, further elaborating formulation that I chiffonier shift my tone and manner to reflect the needs of the audience, while still maintaining my own voice. These great communication skills are a crucial part to the career as it will allow a more accurateassessment of the situation through uncovering what happened, how many people were bear on or whether there is any remaining danger. Being able to talk to people and keep two diligents and family or others on the scene calm flush toilet make the situation easier to control, and maintaining conversation with a patient crowd out help to retrieve important information that ma y be needed for their treatment.It was uncovered that I have an unyielding desire to do good for others and for my community, and that I genuinely believe that if I can just bring people together, I can do a world of good. Because of the nature of the career, where paramedics are responding to people who need help, it is essential individuals pursuing a career as paramedic have that native desire to make a difference in the lives of others and in their community.The personality test revealed that I am too selfless and sensitive, explaining that I will bury myself in my hopeful promises and feeling others problems as my own. If Im not careful, I could spread myself too thin, and be left unable to help anyone. Because of my aesthesia to others it means that sometimes I feel problems that arent my own and try to fix things I cant fix and spending too much time worrying about whether if I am doing enough. My weaknesses might make things difficult as a paramedic because the reality of it is I will only if be with the patient until they are in the hospital.It is not possible to be able to solve every problem, and if I carry that burden on my shoulders on the job, it will be very difficult for me to have good mental stability making me more susceptible to PTSD. One way I can improve my weakness is talk about my feelings as I am feeling with coworkers or the therapist. If I am diligent about keeping a realistic perception of the situation I am in, and understand there is so much one person can do, I am confident I can maneuver through each call with more ease.In conclusion, it is evident that my strengths as a natural team player, great communicator, and altruistic by nature would help make me a great paramedic. Paramedics work in stressful and pressured work environments, where lives are affected by the outcome of their actions. This can be made even more difficult by the long working hours. The role has a large amountof responsibility, and these are important qu alities for those who wish to do well in emergency care. A great paramedic would not be able to perform difficult and distressing work to the substance that they need to without being able to work well with others on scene, be able to probe and state information strategically, and have the natural desire to be there to make a difference in a time of crisis.

Saturday, April 6, 2019

Comprehensive Classroom Technology Plan Essay Example for Free

Comprehensive Classroom engine room introduction EssayIntroduction For m whatsoever rails crosswise the coun decide there pitch been many studies on what case of communication is best for students, teachers, and p arents going into the 21st century. Many school day districts have chosen the (CMC) engine room which is the calculating machine mediated communication and it has dramatic anyy changed the ways for students to interact with their professors, especially for communication outside of the schoolroom (which is break choice pg1). For my future classrooms this along with the phone and paper is my preferred communication method of choice. Class Web siteFrom many studies students who are older prefer asynchronous communication such as email canister in effect help students in solving problems outside of the classroom. Recently synchronous communication such as a virtual office hours using online chat was also widely used in the class room. (Which is a better choice pa ge 9) For a school website to exist the schools must first follow these cardinal objectives. 1 An introduction to who the school is. 2 An interface of outside resources 3 Publisher of good whole shebang 4 A Data resource. (Tech Trends vol 49 num. 6 pages 1.)Most schools already have websites that display this randomness however what would need to be created is simply a white board that parents and faculty members who are baffling with the kindergarten level can access. White board A whiteboard is simply a website that parents and faculty members alike can log onto and check what is happening in the classroom as comfortably as grades. For kindergarten I image that this whiteboard would have a white page with buttons at the top that depart take them to different links. These buttons are laid out in a simple tool bar layout.Teacher Student diagnose Grades Work for week School Calendar Current curriculum Classroom policies and Contact Info. . procedures Tool block off Bu ttons A Teacher contact info. This will have my contact breeding and the hours I am procurable as comfortably as my vision and mission parameter. B This will have the students names that are listed in my class as well as their parents Emergency contact training besides visible to faculty. C Will list the current grades for each subject for the quarter or semester that we are currently in.D This will have any subjects or work that we are functional on for the week so that parents can visually see what we are doing in class. E This will have a classroom calendar will subject time slots as well as break schedules, lunch times, and other time slots as needed F This will have my classroom curriculum for the semester and will be constantly updated as it changes G To me it is important for parents to know the behavior trunk that you as a teacher put into place as well as any school policies regarding anything from parent teacher conflict ,kids misbehaving, lunch procedures, etc.Al l of this involves the webmaster for the school simply using rudimentary html web creating code to create. The information that is based on the website is simple text with minimal visualization. electronic mail/phone The other form of communication that I would have my parents use would be email body as well as phones. Most parents who are in the current age of computers and 21st engine room are familiar with how to email and use smart phones as well. I would use this system to save up parents informed in any behavior issues as they occur.The phone system would be non only an emergency behavior contact system but also an important communication tool for any parent to contact me. Technology hindered parents Now there are parents out there who may be ESL parents that are not familiar with how to access the whiteboard or email. For these parents I would suggest sending out periodic handouts that explain A How to use the white board and email. B my contact information as well as the schools. C SinceI am pretty fluent in computers I would also try an hold a 1hour class free to parents a month to show them not only the benefits of technology but how to access our whiteboard for student and classroom information. Of course C is based on the amount of computers that our school district has provided us because as we all know some rural schools are still not able to provide a computer laboratory. How would I setup communication for this school? Non Computer lab school.For a school that doesnt have a computer lab or website I would arrest back to the old fashion way of creating a folder for my students to take home every Friday that would embrace all the information that would be normally available on the website. School Website security Since I am a teacher obviously computer security would be the webmasters job. However I would ask parents to gist the schools computer website by creating a username and password so that they would have access to the resource s available on the classroom whiteboard as well as the schools website.Faculty For the white board I would ask my fellow teachers to setup a development team to keep the specific kindergarten audience in mind. They would submit a design as to what appropriate sites, cultural analysis, content organization for a culturally responsive website, as well as development of the site and constant site evaluation. (Tec trends Vol 49, number 6 pg. 35) Eventually after the site was created and used for a year I would ask the development team to go back and come an analysis to see how convenient the site use was for parents and faculty.Then I would ask this analysis information to be passed around to other schools as well as school districts in hopes that it would spread across the state as well as country. I would recommend using all of this analysis with the website http//teacher. scholastic. com/homepage progresser/ to build the whiteboard and website for all schools. Conclusion As you can see my vision for communication for the 21st century fabric not only includes technology of old (paper, phones) but a computer mediatedcommunication website that provides all the details of myself as a teacher plus the classroom information for my class.This type of technology will help not only the student to parent communication about what is going on in class but also the parent to teacher communication about my vision and mission statement as a teacher. I believe a white board is what every classroom should have in education for classroom of the 21st century References.Author A Lei Li1Author B Finley, John1Author C Pitts, Jennifer1Author D Rong Guo1 (2010). Which is a better choice for student-faculty interaction synchronous or asynchronous communication? diary of Technology Research Sep2010, Vol. 2, p1-12, 11p, 5 Charts Author A Miller, Susan1Author B Adsit, Karen I. 2, 3 Author C Miller, Ted4 (Dec 2005) Evaluating the greatness of Common Components in School-Based Websites Frequency of Appearance and Stakeholders Judged Value.TechTrends Linking Research Practice to Improve Learning Nov/Dec2005, Vol. 49 break through 6, p34-40, 7p, 5 Charts Author A Walters, Marlenel Author B Fehring, Heather2 (2009) An investigation of the incorporation of Information and Communication Technology and thinking skills with Year 1 and 2 students. Australian Journal of Language Literacy Oct2009, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p258-272, 15p, 1 Black and White Photograph, 6 Diagrams, 1 Chart Website http//teacher. scholastic. com/homepagebuilder/